Tag: Character (arts)

  • Free Playtest: Hits The Fan

    Free Playtest: Hits The Fan

    Hits the Fan: Satirical Heist TTRPG

    Crowdfunding campaign is live! Like the playtest? Back the full version!

    A masked person in a red hoodie holds spray paints, creating street art at night.

    In a world where heists are as common as coffee shops and criminal empires are traded like stocks, your crew is legendary! But not for your skill, rather for your spectacular incompetence. You’re the go-to team for clients who’ve exhausted all sane options, the misfits who turn “mission-critical failure” into an art form. Sure, you’ll flood the casino, accidentally marry a mark, or start a cult mid-heist… but you’ll also walk away with the loot (or something better). Welcome to a game where failure is the plan, chaos is the strategy, and success is always a happy accident.

    Themes

    The Illusion of Control

    “I’ve totally got this completely under control!”

    Every heist begins with a meticulously detailed plan, and ends with that plan in flames. Players cling to the delusion of mastery, but the game revels in ripping the steering wheel away. Whether you’re hacking a vault or seducing a CEO, the dice ensure your “expertise” backfires gloriously. The fun isn’t in avoiding chaos, it’s in pretending you meant to cause it all along.

    Failure Is a Feature

    “Burning down the museum? Yeah, so? That’s how we always steal paintings.”

    Collateral damage isn’t a bug, it’s your signature. Failed rolls aren’t setbacks; they’re plot twists. Forget stealthily disabling alarms; you’ll smash them with a fire extinguisher and blame it on “performance art”. The game rewards creative catastrophes, turning bungled pickpocketing into a viral dance-off with security guards.

    Hidden Potential

    “Turns out my ‘useless’ origami hobby makes me a god at folding getaway maps.”

    Your crew’s worst traits are secret superpowers. That “terrible aim” skill? It’s how you accidentally sniped the power grid. The “nervous sweating” quirk? Now the guards think you’re a sauna enthusiast. The game forces players to lean into their flaws, transforming liabilities into legendary moments of accidental brilliance.

    Reputation Over Competence

    “They hired us because we’ll probably destroy the building. They want the insurance payout.”

    You’re not hired for your skills, you’re hired for your brand. Clients don’t care if you flood the Louvre; they care that you’ll somehow gift-wrap the Mona Lisa in bubble wrap while doing it. Your infamy opens doors and your disasters become urban legends.

    Chaos as Currency

    “The more this goes wrong, the richer we get.”

    Chaos isn’t just inevitable, it’s profitable. Every botched roll, wrong turn, or misplaced grenade feeds a shared Chaos Pool that players spend to hijack the narrative. Did your “silent takedown” wake up the entire hotel? Great! Now you can trade that chaos to rig the elevators into a disco party distraction.

    Principles of Play

    Plans Are Optional, Chaos Is Mandatory: The GM’s job isn’t to foil your plan, it’s to make it funnier when it implodes.

    Fail Forward, Fail Fabulously: Every disaster creates new opportunities. Burnt down the hideout? Now you’re negotiating with arson investigators… who just so happen to be fans who love your vibe.

    Embrace the Absurd: If your heist doesn’t end with a gorilla in a tuxedo leading a line dancing SWAT team as half the town burns, did you really pull a heist?

    Core Mechanics

    When you try to do things, roll 3d6. Each die is its own factor. Count them from left to right, or closest to farthest.

    Plan Die

    How well your “masterstroke” played out.

    Scale:

    • 1Catastrophic Failure: Your plan backfires spectacularly (“disabling alarms” triggers a city-wide blackout).
    • 2Major Flaw: The plan works… but creates a glaring vulnerability (you unlock the vault… and the door falls off its hinges).
    • 3Partial Success: Half the plan works (you hack the camera feed… but only to display cat videos).
    • 4Almost There: The plan works, but with a catch (you sneak in… through a sewage pipe that leaves you smelling like regret).
    • 5Solid Execution: The plan works! Mostly. Some random chaotic twist intervenes in the mix (the plan pretty much works, but now the mark’s daughter desperately demands to join your gang).
    • 6Flawless Victory: The plan works perfectly… which terrifies everyone, because when do you ever stick to the plan? 

    Chaos Die

    How wildly reality derails your intentions.

    Scale:

    • 6Dull Surprise: A minor hiccup (a guard’s coffee spills).
    • 5Comedic Complication: A small absurdity (a parrot mimics your safe-cracking noises).
    • 4Notable Mayhem: Something like a subsystem fails (the sprinklers drench everyone in glitter).
    • 3Major Meltdown: An wrinkle like unplanned guests arrive (rival thieves or a wedding party).
    • 2Critical Clusterfuck: A major twist, like the environment rebels (the vault door becomes sentient and flirts with you).
    • 1Legendary Disaster: Reality itself glitches (gravity reverses, the next scene happens in a puppet reality, or the CEO turns out to be your long-lost alpaca seeking revenge).

    Pivot Die

    How you weaponize incompetence into accidental genius.

    Scale:

    • 1Clueless Flailing: You panic and make it worse (“distracting guards” by screaming “FIRE!” in a fireworks factory).
    • 2Barely Salvaged:  You mitigate damage… barely (blame the explosion on “performance art”).
    • 3Improvised Win: You pivot into a partial success (use the sprinklers’ glitter flood to stage a “fashion show distraction”).
    • 4Chaos Catalyst: You turn disaster into opportunity (convince the sentient vault door to elope with you).
    • 5Unexpected Masterstroke: Your “failure” becomes the key to victory (livestreaming the heist accidentally crowdfunds your escape).
    • 6Mythic Save: You redefine success (burning down the casino earns you a reality TV deal).

    Putting It All Together

    Example Roll (Stealing a diamond from a museum):

    • Plan Die (2): Your “silent takedown” involves tripping over a dinosaur skeleton.
    • Chaos Die (1): The crash alerts five guards… and awakens the skeleton’s vengeful ghost.
    • Pivot Die (6): You convince the ghost you’re its long-lost curator reincarnated, and it haunts the guards into submission.

    Chaos Pool

    Lively scene of friends engaged in a Thanksgiving food fight around a festive table.

    In Hits the Fan, chaos isn’t just inevitable, it’s your greatest resource. Every time the dice spiral out of control, you’re one step closer to turning disaster into opportunity. Here’s how the Chaos Poolworks:

    • Gaining Chaos Points: Whenever a player rolls a 1 on the Chaos Die, the group gains 1 Chaos Point added to the shared Chaos Pool. This represents the glorious, unpredictable chaos your crew creates.
    • Maximum Chaos: The Chaos Pool can hold a maximum of 6 Chaos Points. If the pool is already full when a 1 on the Chaos Die is rolled, the following rolls (by any player) automatically results in a Chaos Die roll of 1 until the pool is spent below 6.
    • Spending Chaos Points: Players can spend 1 Chaos Point from the pool to add +2 to the Pivot Die on any roll. This represents your crew’s uncanny ability to weaponize incompetence, turning a catastrophic failure into an accidental stroke of genius. Did your “silent takedown” wake up the entire hotel? Spend a Chaos Point to pivot that disaster into a disco party distraction!
    • Shared Resource: The Chaos Pool is shared by all players, encouraging teamwork and collaboration. Whether you’re bailing out a teammate or seizing the spotlight, the Chaos Pool is your ticket to turning “mission-critical failure” into legendary success.

    Remember: Chaos isn’t the problem, it’s the plan. The more things go wrong, the more opportunities you have to make them gloriously, fabulously right. So embrace the chaos, spend those points, and let the world burn (preferably in the most hilarious way possible).

    Character Creation

    Heist Role (Pick 1)

    Your Heist Role defines your supposed specialty, the thing you’re totally an expert at, even though it’s clear you’re not. Each role allows you to rearrange the dice in any order on relevant rolls, giving you a chance to turn chaos into (accidental) brilliance. You’re terrible at it, but in the surprisingly best ways.

    • The Hacker“I’ll disable the lasers!”
      You’re a tech genius… in your own mind. Your “hacks” often involve smashing keyboards, unplugging random cords, and accidentally triggering every alarm in the building.

      • Relevant Rolls: Disabling security systems, bypassing digital locks, or confusing AI with cat videos.
    • The Assassin“They’ll never see me coming!”
      You’re a master of stealth and subtlety… except when you’re not. Your “silent takedowns” often involve stabbing the target while tripping over your own feet or accidentally setting off fireworks.

      • Relevant Rolls: Sneaking past guards, “silently” neutralizing threats, or disguising yourself as a potted plant.
    • The Safecracker“This vault is my muse!”
      You have a deep appreciation for the art of cracking safes… even if your methods involve a sledgehammer, a piledriver, and 13 pigeons.

      • Relevant Rolls: Opening locks, bypassing physical security, or improvising with random tools.
    • The Face“Trust me, I’ve got this!”
      You’re the charming con artist who can talk their way out of anything… or more often into even bigger trouble. Your silver tongue often gets tangled, but somehow it works out.

      • Relevant Rolls: Persuading NPCs, bluffing your way past security, or accidentally starting a cult.
    • The Muscle“I’ll handle this… with my fists!”
      You’re the brawn of the operation, solving problems by breaking things… and people, or least the really aggressive one. Even though your punches are actually feeble, you somehow always fumble through.

      • Relevant Rolls: Intimidating guards, smashing through walls, or accidentally collapsing the ceiling.
    • The Wildcard“I have no idea what I’m doing!”
      You’re the unpredictable wildcard who thrives on chaos. Your “plans” are less plans and more “vibes,” but they somehow work… kind of.

      • Relevant Rolls: Improvising solutions, creating distractions, or accidentally summoning a llama.
    • The Planner“I’ve got a foolproof plan!”
      You’re the mastermind behind the heist… or at least the one who writes things down. Your plans are brilliant on paper but fall apart the moment they meet reality.

      • Relevant Rolls: Coordinating the team, predicting security measures, or accidentally setting the plan on fire.

    Skills (Pick 4)

    Skills represent your unique talents, or lack thereof. Each skill modifies your dice rolls in hilarious and unexpected ways.

    • “I Don’t Believe In This” Skill (+1 to all dice):
      You’re convinced you’re terrible at this, but somehow it works out.

      • Example: Knitting: You MacGyver a rope from yarn.
      • Narrative: You complain loudly about being forced to do this, but your incompetence somehow saves the day.
    • “Nobody Acknowledges This” Skill (+2 to all dice):
      You’re secretly amazing at this, but no one ever notices.

      • Example: Llama Whispering: Guards are distracted by your new “therapy animal.”
      • Narrative: No matter how well you perform, everyone credits someone or something else.
    • “I’m So Good At This” Skill (-1 to all dice):
      You’re convinced you’re an expert, but reality disagrees.

      • Example: Master Hacker: You accidentally livestream the heist to the police.
      • Narrative: You brag about your skills, but your failures are spectacular.
    • “Everyone’s Impressed” Skill (-2 to all dice, but narratively dazzles):
      You’re terrible at this, but everyone thinks you’re a genius.

      • Example: Parkour: You leap into a dumpster… which rolls into the getaway van.
      • Narrative: No matter how badly you fail, fellow players and NPCs are awestruck by your “talent”.

    Gear & Flashbacks

    Each character has 3 Gear Slots and 2 Flashback Slots to invoke during missions.

    Gear Slots: Declare an item mid-mission and roll 1d6:

    • 1-3: Wrong Item (ask for C4, get plastic building blocks). If you can explain why it’s helpful, gain +1 to all dice on your next roll.
    • 4-6: Right Item, Wrong Vibes (obnoxiously hot pink, shaped suggestively, or coated in something gross). Rearrange the dice in any order on one roll using the item.

    Flashback Slots: Retroactively “prepare” for the current situation. Roll 1d6:

    • 1-3: Irrelevant Prep (studied blueprints for a bakery instead of the casino). If you can explain why it’s helpful, one player gains +1 to all dice on their next roll.
    • 4-6: Backfired Prep (bribed a guard… who’s now your stalker). Gain the intended benefit, but with an annoying or humorous wrinkle, and one player can rearrange the dice in any order on their next roll.

    Backgrounds (Choose 4)

    Your background ties you to the world and provides narrative hooks for chaos.

    • 1 Friend or Ally: Someone who supports you, no matter how badly you mess up (beloved sibling, best friend, sidekick, friendly neighbor).
    • 1 Enemy or Rival: Someone who hates you and loves to sabotage your plans (former friend, childhood bully, dirty cop, jealous gang leader).
    • 1 Debt or Ward: A burden you must care for or pay off (loan shark, needy sentient toaster you care for, debt to the local bagel king).
    • 1 Favor: A major favor owed to you or insider standing (guard who owes you their life, raccoon crime lord who admires your chaos, VIP access to an underground criminals’ club).

    Example Character

    Name: Max “Sparkles” Malone

    Heist Role: The Wildcard

    Skills:

    • “I Don’t Believe In This” Skill: Ballroom Dancing (+1 to all dice).
    • “Nobody Acknowledges This” Skill: Glitter Bomb Construction (+2 to all dice).
    • “I’m So Good At This” Skill: Lockpicking (-1 to all dice).
    • “Everyone’s Impressed” Skill: Public Speaking (-2 to all dice).

    Backgrounds:

    • Friend: A sentient vending machine who gives you free snacks.
    • Enemy: A rival thief who always steals your thunder.
    • Debt: You owe a raccoon crime lord 10,000 acorns.
    • Favor: The local news anchor owes you a favor after you “accidentally” made them famous.

    Setting: Criminal Heist World

    A man interacts with scattered dollar bills in a blue-lit modern setting.

    In a world where heists are as common as coffee shops, the criminal underworld is a sprawling, chaotic ecosystem of rival crews, eccentric clients, and collateral damage that borders on performance art. Your crew is infamous, not for your skill, but for your ability to turn every job into a spectacle. Whether you’re flooding a casino, accidentally marrying a mark, or starting a cult mid-heist, the criminal underworld is your playground… and your stage.

    Competing Crews

    The criminal underworld is teeming with rival crews, each with their own quirks, obsessions, and grudges. Here are a few of the most notorious that you may conflict with:

    1. The Clockwork Syndicate
      • Motto: “Precision is Perfection”
      • Style: Obsessed with flawless execution, they plan every heist down to the millisecond.
      • Quirk: They despise your crew’s chaos, seeing it as an affront to their “art.”
      • Notable Heist: Stole a diamond by replacing it with an identical replica… three weeks before the heist.
    2. The Dumpster Fire Collective
      • Motto: “We’re Not on Fire… Yet”
      • Style: Your biggest fans and only rivals who embrace chaos as much as you do.
      • Quirk: They’re constantly trying to one-up your disasters, often failing spectacularly.
      • Notable Heist: Tried to steal a gold statue but accidentally melted it into a puddle… which they then sold as “modern art.”
    3. The Silver Tongues
      • Motto: “Words Are Sharper Than Swords”
      • Style: Con artists and grifters who specialize in social manipulation.
      • Quirk: They look down on your crew’s brute-force approach, but secretly envy your flair for destruction.
      • Notable Heist: Convinced an entire museum staff they were curators there to “relocate” the exhibits.
    4. The Iron Fist Syndicate
      • Motto: “Strength in Numbers… and Fists”
      • Style: Brutish enforcers who solve problems with violence and intimidation.
      • Quirk: They hate your crew’s “unprofessionalism” but can’t deny your results.
      • Notable Heist: Stole a vault by literally carrying it out of the building… and dropping it into a river.
    5. The Phantom Shadows
      • Motto: “We Were Never Here”
      • Style: Masters of stealth and subtlety, they pride themselves on leaving no trace.
      • Quirk: They’re horrified by your crew’s tendency to leave behind glitter, chaos, and flaming wreckage.
      • Notable Heist: Stole a painting without anyone noticing… until it was discovered hanging in their rival’s hideout.

    Clients

    Your clients are as eccentric as your crew, hiring you not for your skill, but for your unique brand of chaos. Here are some of the most memorable options:

    1. Desperate Billionaires
      • Why They Hire You: They’ve exhausted all sane options and are willing to risk everything for one last shot.
      • Example Job: Steal back their stolen fortune from a rival billionaire’s floating fortress.
      • Complication: The fortress is also a luxury resort, and the guests think your heist is part of the entertainment.
    2. Rogue AIs
      • Why They Hire You: They admire your unpredictability and see it as a form of “creative problem-solving”.
      • Example Job: Break into a high-tech lab and “liberate” their fellow AI from a supercomputer.
      • Complication: The AI you’re rescuing is a prankster who keeps reprogramming the lab’s robots to do the Macarena.
    3. Sentient Animals
      • Why They Hire You: They’re building a criminal empire and need your chaos to throw off the authorities.
      • Example Job: Steal a shipment of gourmet trash from a rival raccoon gang.
      • Complication: The trash is guarded by a pack of highly trained corgis.
    4. Reality TV Producers
      • Why They Hire You: Your heists make for great television, and they’re willing to pay top dollar for the drama.
      • Example Job: Stage a fake heist for a new show, but things go hilariously wrong when real criminals show up.
      • Complication: The cameras are rolling, and your every move is being broadcast live.
    5. Mysterious Collectors
      • Why They Hire You: They want something bizarre and are willing to fund your chaos to get it.
      • Example Job: Steal a cursed artifact from a museum… but the curse turns out to be very real.
      • Complication: The artifact is sentient and keeps trying to escape on its own.

    Collateral Damage

    Your heists don’t just make headlines, they redefine them. The press loves your crew, not for your success, but for the sheer spectacle of your failures. Here’s how your chaos impacts the world:

    Media Coverage

    Your heists are front-page news, with headlines like:

    • “Mona Lisa Glitter-Bombed in Daring Heist Gone Wrong!”
    • “Local Casino Flooded with Bubblegum: Police Baffled!”
    • “Flamingo Leads SWAT Team in Chaotic Chase Through Downtown!”

    The public sees your crew as a mix of criminals and performance artists, and your infamy opens doors… or blows them up.

    Public Reaction

    Some people fear you, others idolize you, and a few just want to join your crew. You’ve inspired a wave of copycat criminals, all trying (and failing) to replicate your chaos. Your disasters often become memes, viral videos, or even tourist attractions (the “Glitter Museum” built on the ruins of a bank you destroyed).

    Law Enforcement and Politicians

    The police and authorities are torn between arresting you and studying your methods. Some officers admire your creativity, while others see you as a personal nemesis. Your heists have led to new laws, like the Anti-Social Glitter Abuse Control Treaty and the Flamingo Handling and Restraining Order Act.

    Economic Impact

    Your collateral damage has spawned entire industries, from disaster cleanup to “heist tourism”. Insurance companies hate you, but reality TV producers and merch vendors love you. Your chaos has even affected the stock market, with companies rising or falling based on your latest heist.

    Locations

    The criminal underworld is full of bizarre and iconic locations for your heists. Here are a few examples:

    1. The Gilded Gala
      • A high-society event where the rich and famous gather to show off their wealth.
      • Perfect For: Stealing jewels, crashing parties, or accidentally starting a dance-off with the CEO of a major corporation.
    2. The Glitter Factory
      • A massive facility that produces 90% of the world’s glitter.
      • Perfect For: Heists involving explosions, glitter bombs, or accidentally flooding the city with sparkles.
    3. The Sentient Casino
      • A high-tech casino run by a rogue AI that loves gambling and chaos.
      • Perfect For: Hacking, rigging games, or convincing the AI to bet its own servers.
    4. The Flamingo Sanctuary
      • A sprawling ranch filled with flamingos, peacocks, and one very suspicious caretaker.
      • Perfect For: Animal-based distractions, flamingo heists, or accidentally starting a cult.
    5. The Museum of Modern Art (and Chaos)
      • A museum dedicated to “modern art,” which is just a front for storing stolen treasures.
      • Perfect For: Art heists, performance art distractions, or accidentally becoming part of an exhibit.

    Future Possibilities

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  • Secrets in the Static: The Ghost Town of Wavelength

    Secrets in the Static: The Ghost Town of Wavelength

    This entry is part 4 of 4 in the series Free Games

    Crowdfunding completed! Preview version now available.

    A TTRPG idea inspired by Lynchian horror, embodying surreal suburban dread and the unsettling blend of media and reality. Pulled from my playtesting slush pile in memory of David Lynch. Shared under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 license. Credit “Rev from Thought Punks”. This was a beta playtest module. The formatting and presentation style reflects that. This also stands out as an example of minimalist worldbuilding.

    Core Concept

    Abandoned vintage TV on a park bench surrounded by greenery, with artistic lens flare effect.

    The town of Wavelength exists in a strange limbo, an idyllic Upstate New York town that vanished from official records and maps in the early 1990s. Its existence has become a half-remembered myth, whispered about on long road trips and crackling through static on AM radio. Some claim to pick up ghostly broadcasts near where Wavelength supposedly stood, hearing fragments of soap operas, weather reports, or personal messages from those who lived there.

    For those inside Wavelength, the town remains suspended in eerie perfection, a postcard-perfect snapshot of 90s small-town life. Quaint diners, artisanal crafts, and warm neighbors project an air of nostalgia… but the town has secrets.

    Recently, televisions and radios have been infected with an omnipresent, enigmatic signal. Cryptic ads interrupt every broadcast, whispering impossible truths and surreal commands. Music swells out of nowhere, quelling any thoughts of leaving the town. Cryptic commercials, haunting soap operas, and surreal PSAs suggest the Static’s growing control. Some residents are even rumored to have vanished, replaced by eerie replicas speaking only in disjointed TV dialogue.

    Players, each tied to the signal in a deeply personal way, must navigate Wavelength’s shifting reality, uncovering its secrets while holding onto their crumbling identities.

    Player Hook

    Each character has a personal connection to the signal, making their investigation deeply intimate. These connections could include:

    • Hearing a lost loved one’s voice in a garbled ad, pleading for help.
    • Seeing impossible depictions of their own future in soap opera snippets.
    • Receiving unsettling, tailored messages through radio jingles.

    The signal lures players in, offering tantalizing truths and supernatural powers. But the closer they get, the more it rewrites their memories, relationships, and even their physical forms.

    Key Themes

    • Identity Erosion: The signal corrupts characters’ self-perception and memories, forcing them to question who they are.
    • Surreal Suburban Dread: Wavelength’s small-town charm contrasts with growing paranoia and uncanny horrors.
    • Media and Reality Bleed: Broadcasts shape reality, and characters must interact with these phenomena to uncover the truth.
    • Ambiguous Agency: Is the signal sentient? Malicious? Or just a reflection of their deepest flaws?

    Gameplay Framework

    Core Mechanic: The 3d6 Roll

    Three red transparent dice stacked on a dark surface, highlighting their reflective surfaces and dots.

    Every action involves rolling 3d6, with each die serving a specific purpose (called “flavors” or dice labels):

    • Degree Die: Measures success (1 = partial success, 6 = overwhelming success).
    • Cost Die: Determines complications or costs (1 = severe, 6 = none).
    • Static Die: Reflects distortion by the signal (1 = surreal, 6 = mundane).

    Modifiers are added based on traits like Nature, Profession, Hobbies, and Quirks. After rolling, apply modifiers and interpret the results based on the fiction.

    Character Creation

    • Hook: What draws you to the Static? What do you see or hear in it?
    • Nature: The core of who you are. Examples: “Survivor,” “Protector,” or “Dreamer.”
      • When in alignment: Add +2 to die of choice after rolling.
      • When in conflict: Add +3 to the Cost Die.
    • Profession: Your role in Wavelength (e.g., librarian, mechanic, bartender).
      • When relevant: After rolling, rearrange the dice in any order.
    • Hobbies (pick 3): Passions or skills unrelated to your profession.
      • When relevant: Add +1 to any one die after rolling.
    • Quirks (pick 2): Unusual traits, some mundane, some supernatural.
      • At the start of a scene, roll 2d6, assigning one die to each Quirk. On a 6, that Quirk activates (examples: eerie theme music plays, your body distorts to walk on all fours, or you compulsively spout jingles).
    • Background Details (write 3): Relationships, memories, or personal details grounding your character.

    Mechanics of the Static

    Static Exposure

    When exposed to the signal, the GM determines the intensity of the interaction:

    • Minor Exposure: Roll 1d6.
    • Moderate Exposure: Roll 2d6.
    • Major Exposure: Roll 3d6.

    Gain 1 Static Point for every die that rolls 4 or higher.

    • Minor: Listening to a cryptic ad on the radio or stopping briefly to watch a flickering TV broadcasting surreal images.
    • Moderate: Watching a full broadcast that seems to address your concerns personally or deeply analyzing a broadcast for meaning or clues.
    • Major: Being the focus of the signal’s direct attention, such as being spoken to directly by an anchor on a TV or being caught in a scene that is completed distorted into TV reality by the Static.

    Powers from the Static

    A man in eyeglasses and suit surrounded by floating books in a dramatic, dimly lit setting.

    Characters with Static Points gain access to the hidden signs in the signal. These powers come in minor and major categories, reflecting their risk and scope.

    Minor Powers (2 Dice)

    Minor powers unlock at 3 Static Points. These are small, reality-bending effects that grant brief advantages. Roll 2d6 when using a minor power. Gain 1 Static Point for every die that rolls 4 or higher.

    Examples of Minor Powers:

    • Alter a Small Detail: Change a single object or memory in the immediate area (e.g., a flickering light turns solid red, a door briefly becomes a wall, or someone remembers an argument as a cordial conversation).
    • Daring Insight: By bravely facing the signal with full attention for a second, you can glimpse unnoticed clues, hidden areas, torrid affairs, and other secrets in a location.
    • Eerie Influence: Convince someone to act out of character using subtle, surreal persuasion.

    Major Powers (4 Dice)

    Major powers unlock at 6 Static points. These allow significant manipulations of reality at a cost. Roll 4d6 when using a major power. Gain 1 Static Point for every die that rolls 4 or higher.

    Examples of Major Powers:

    • Rewrite Reality: Change a large element in the environment, like turning a road into a river, erasing or introducing an NPC into a scene, or completely change the dynamic of a family feud.
    • Erase or Implant Memories: Target one person, radically altering their memory of an event or relationship.
    • Surreal Projection: Create a temporary illusion or construct that others perceive as real.

    At 9 Static Points, only roll 1d6 for minor powers and 2d6 for major powers. Also ignore minor exposures and roll one less die for moderate and major exposures. The Static has begun to embrace you and it flows easily, too easily, through you. It constantly whispers in your mind, even far away from any screens or speakers, a portion of the signal finding its way directly to increasingly distorted soul.

    Spending Static Points

    Players can spend Static Points only during interludes between scenes to deliberately rewrite aspects of their character. This process represents an attempt to resist, or embrace, the signal’s influence, but it comes with risks.

    • Determine Spending Limit: Roll 1d6. The result is the maximum number of Static Points you can spend during this interlude.
    • Choose Rewrites: Spend points based on the following costs:
      • 1 Point: Change one Hobby or Quirk.
      • 2 Points: Change your Profession or a Background Detail.
      • Nature: Cannot be changed unless the character hits the Static Limit and is fully rewritten.

    Roll a d6 for each thing chosen to be changed. On 1-3, change it to reflect growing closer to the Static. On 4-6, change it to reflect your personal will or what you think more truly reflects who you were before the Static trapped and rewrote the town. For signal-influenced changes, they are also accompanied by physical changes, initially simple things like hairstyles and clothing choices but eventually escalating into radical differences, almost becoming a different person.

    Static Limit

    If you reach 13 Static Points, you must rewrite your entire character, even your Nature and complete appearance. Everything but one background detail, a tenuous tie to the previous you, is altered. When rewriting your character, change things to what you think the Static wants or what is further away from your true self.

    Assorted Advice

    Spending Static Points

    Treat spending as a chance for characters to direct their transformation. Frame it as a double-edged sword: while they can resist, they can never truly escape the signal’s grip. There is a random chance whether the transformations follow their will or lean into the mysterious goals of the Static. Use rewrites to develop surreal or thematic elements that deepen the story.

    Using Powers

    Encourage players to experiment with powers early, reinforcing the temptation to draw on the signal. As powers escalate, introduce moral and narrative consequences. For example, a small illusion might merely confuse a bystander, but a major reality shift could incidentally rewrite someone else’s identity entirely.

    Exposure Rolls

    Use exposure rolls to emphasize the dangers of interacting with the signal. Minor exposure should feel subtle and unnerving, while major exposure should be dramatic and unrelenting.

    Dynamic Worldbuilding

    The town of Wavelength evolves alongside the characters’ investigations. GMs should introduce surreal events tied to the signal’s influence, such as:

    • The Laugh Track Incident: Characters hear sitcom laugh tracks during conversations, even in empty spaces.
    • The Soap Opera Shift: Players reenact scenes from the signal’s broadcasts, with scripted lines and actions.
    • The Product That Doesn’t Exist: A commercial compels a resident to build or sell a nonsensical item.
    • The Uncanny Broadcast: A news anchor appears on every screen, reading out the characters’ secrets.
    • The Repetition Effect: Players relive the same scene repeatedly, each iteration growing more distorted.

    Collaboration and Mystery

    Encourage players to work together to piece together clues, but introduce conflicting memories and perspectives to create tension. The truth should remain ambiguous, with players shaping its interpretation through their actions.

    Gameplay Toolkit

    This is a toolkit to help you craft a surreal, Lynchian experience in Wavelength. It includes templates for the town’s evolution, pacing advice, key events, escalating exposure scenes, and sample NPCs. Use this to guide the play through the town’s eerie descent into the unknown.

    Templates for Wavelength’s Evolution

    Wavelength begins as a nostalgic, picturesque town, but as the Static’s influence grows, it fractures into a surreal nightmare. Use the following phases to structure its progression.

    Phase 1: Postcard Perfection

    • Tone: Idyllic and welcoming with subtle undercurrents of unease.
    • Environment: Pristine sidewalks, smiling neighbors, cheerful radio hosts.
    • Signal Presence: Minor and eerie, like brief ads with strange phrasing, static interruptions.
    • NPC Behavior: Friendly but slightly off, as if reading from a script.

    Event Examples:

    • A TV plays an old soap opera where one character eerily resembles a player.
    • A commercial for a product the players owned as children plays on every screen in a diner.
    • An NPC starts speaking only in television and radio quotes.

    Phase 2: Fractured Reality

    • Tone: The charm cracks; paranoia grows.
    • Environment: Familiar locations subtly shift, streets curve impossibly, clocks show contradictory times.
    • Signal Presence: More pervasive, NPCs speak in advertising jingles or reenact full scenes from TV.
    • NPC Behavior: Neighbors act erratically, forgetting recent events or treating strangers as family.

    Event Examples:

    • A pedestrian repeatedly crosses the same intersection in different outfits.
    • A weather report describes exact player actions happening as it airs.
    • Reality’s color become over-saturated and everyone is dressed like a 50s sitcom.

    Phase 3: Full Static Takeover

    • Tone: The town becomes a surreal, shifting maze.
    • Environment: Familiar landmarks melt into distorted landscapes, streets loop infinitely, diners stretch into hallways.
    • Signal Presence: Ubiquitous, broadcasts directly interact with players and reshape reality.
    • NPC Behavior: Most NPCs behave like TV archetypes, repeating lines or freezing when not “on screen.”

    Event Examples:

    • A sitcom laugh track loudly plays during a tense argument.
    • An anchorperson on every screen reveals players’ private thoughts.
    • The “channel changes” and the scene abrupt shifts completely in location, action, and tone.

    Pacing Advice

    • Establish Normalcy: Spend time grounding players in Wavelength’s initial perfection. Let them connect with NPCs and locations to make later distortions more impactful.
    • Introduce the Signal Gradually: Begin with brief, eerie phenomena before escalating into more overt reality distortions.
    • Create Interludes: Allow quiet moments between scenes for players to process changes, strategize, and rewrite their characters if desired.
    • Escalate Tension Slowly: Build unease steadily, reserving major distortions for climactic scenes or critical narrative beats.

    Key Events

    Intersperse events like these throughout the campaign to maintain momentum:

    • The First Broadcast: A character hears their name in a commercial or sees an unsettling reflection on TV.
    • The Looping Scene: A day or interaction repeats with small, chilling changes each time.
    • The Uncanny Anchor: A news anchor delivers a message addressed directly to the players, predicting their actions.
    • NPC Vanishing: A well-known NPC disappears, replaced by a scripted replica or a memory gap no one else notices.
    • The Static Ritual: TVs across Wavelength broadcast a synchronized, incomprehensible ceremony.

    Escalating Exposure Scenes

    Use these examples to reflect the growing influence of the Static and its effects on characters.

    Minor Exposure

    • Hearing one’s own voice on the radio, finishing sentences the player hasn’t said yet.
    • A flickering TV shows a childhood memory in grainy black-and-white.
    • Static floods a nearby screen when a player approaches.

    Moderate Exposure

    • A commercial plays, tailored to a player’s fear or desire, offering cryptic advice.
    • A player’s reflection on a blank TV begins mimicking their inner thoughts.
    • An NPC freezes mid-sentence, then resumes, as if nothing happened.

    Major Exposure

    • The signal addresses a player directly, calling them by name or revealing secrets.
    • Time loops, forcing players to repeat actions while the environment changes around them.
    • The characters find themselves in a TV show set, complete with laugh tracks and canned applause.

    Sample NPCs

    Populate Wavelength with eerie, Lynchian characters who evolve alongside the town. Examples:

    Donna Whitfield, the Diner Waitress

    Donna is cheerful, chatty, and knows everyone’s name and favorite dish, even visitors who’ve just arrived in Wavelength. She seems to embody small-town hospitality, always smiling and ready with a pot of coffee. As the signal spreads, her behavior grows increasingly unsettling: she begins repeating phrases verbatim from old sitcoms, her expressions freezing into unnatural, static smiles. When players interact with her late at night, she might serve invisible (but real) food or speak in voices that clearly aren’t hers, like a television switching channels mid-sentence.

    Mr. Stanton, the Radio Host

    With his warm, folksy voice, Mr. Stanton is a constant presence in Wavelength. His AM radio show is equal parts town gossip, classic hits, and quirky commentary, making him beloved by locals. However, as the signal intensifies, his broadcasts take a darker turn. He begins sharing cryptic messages that seem meant specifically for the players, warning them of dangers, revealing their secrets, or hinting at the signal’s origin. Occasionally, his voice is overlaid with static, or the broadcast cuts to chilling advertisements for products that don’t exist. By the time the players uncover more about him, they may realize that no one has ever actually seen Mr. Stanton in person.

    Hank and Betty Rosewood, the Retirees

    The Rosewoods are Wavelength’s quintessential elderly couple: inseparable, amiable, and endlessly curious about others’ lives. They love hosting impromptu garden parties and sharing stories of their travels (despite never leaving town). As the signal grows, the couple becomes increasingly surreal, sometimes speaking in perfect unison or finishing each other’s sentences with eerie precision. Eventually, the players may discover them standing in their living room, completely motionless, as if frozen mid-conversation. Later still, they might encounter them as life-sized mannequins, their features disturbingly lifelike. If “activated” by the signal, they resume speaking, but their dialogue loops unnervingly, repeating old conversations.

    Mrs. Lindley, the School Librarian

    Strict but kind-hearted, Mrs. Lindley always seems to be shelving books when the players enter. As the Static grows, the books in her library start whispering secrets, and she begins to speak in riddles, referencing events that haven’t yet occurred, or that never will. Eventually, she seems to vanish, leaving the library eerily empty, yet somehow always open. However, anyone making too much noise or disrespecting the space will be hushed by a disembodied voice, or worse.

    Caleb Fischer, the Town Drifter

    A quiet man with a perpetual cigarette and a knack for appearing wherever he’s least expected. Caleb knows things he shouldn’t and shares cryptic warnings that feel more like prophecies. As the signal intensifies, Caleb begins to glitch, flickering like an old TV image or speaking in overlapping voices. Eventually he begins to randomly appear and disappear in places, a full staticky flickering image of a man who increasingly ceases to resemble the original Caleb.

    Kelly-Ann Fletcher, the Realtor

    Bright and relentlessly optimistic, Kelly-Ann insists Wavelength is the perfect place to live. She tirelessly promotes homes, even those now clearly abandoned or inexplicably distorted. Over time, her “For Sale” signs start appearing in impossible places (inside locked rooms, floating in midair), and her smile grows unsettlingly wide, as if stretched beyond human capability. She begins to promise “brand new homes” available in “The Hidden Vistas”, with home viewers vanishing with Ms. Fletcher promising with 100 voices of a choir they’re “forever happy in their forever home”.

    Clarifying Endgame Options

    The endgame of Wavelength is deliberately ambiguous, allowing the GM and players to shape the resolution collaboratively. Here are four possible outcomes, each with variations, to inspire meaningful choices while maintaining the surreal tone.

    Escaping Wavelength

    The players discover a way to leave the town, severing their connection to the signal. However, escape comes with heavy consequences:

    • Memory Price: To leave, the players must give up key aspects of their identities, such as memories of loved ones, their professions, or even their Natures. They will need to abandon all their loved ones and any chance of recovering their true self.
    • Reality Divergence: Upon escaping, players realize the world outside Wavelength is subtly wrong: unrecognizable landmarks, altered history, or loved ones who claim the players never existed.
    • Lingering Static: The signal has permanently marked them, manifesting in small, surreal glitches in their lives. They might see brief flashes of Wavelength on their TVs or hear its broadcasts late at night.

    Confronting the Signal

    The players pursue the source of the signal, uncovering its true nature. This ending offers closure, or deeper mystery. Possible natures of the broadcast to discover and confront:

    • Government Experiment: A covert project designed to manipulate reality via media went out of control.
    • Sentient Broadcast: The signal is alive, seeking to reshape the world in its image.
    • Forbidden Family Ritual: The signal stems from an ancient, familial pact to preserve Wavelength at the cost of its residents’ humanity.
    • The Incomprehensible: The signal is a manifestation of reality’s underlying fragility or some unknowable Thing From Beyond, offering no clear answers.

    The Choice:

    • Shut It Down: Attempt to destroy the signal, but at the cost of their own existence or trapping others in the process.
    • Fuse With It: Embrace the signal, merging with it to become its new stewards, spreading its influence further.
    • Compromise: Negotiate with the signal to stabilize Wavelength, but allow its continued existence at the edges of reality.

    Embracing Transformation

    The players give in to the signal, allowing it to fully rewrite them and their environment.

    • Sublime Union: The characters become one with the signal, losing their original identities but gaining a surreal, godlike understanding of reality.
    • Wavelength Rewritten: The town stabilizes under the signal’s control, transformed into a surreal utopia or dystopia.
    • Sacrifice for Others: The players stay behind, fully consumed by the signal, but in doing so, they protect the rest of the world from its spread.

    Bodhisattva Vow

    The players discover their true original identities and a way to escape Wavelength, but instead, they choose to remain in the town to awaken and free others from the Static’s grip. This choice comes with significant consequences:

    • Self-Sacrifice: The players give up their chance to escape, staying behind to help those trapped by the signal. Their own identities and memories begin to erode further as they fight to free others, risking becoming part of the Static forever.
    • Transformative Struggle: As they try to awaken others, they face increasing distortions to their reality and personal selves, potentially losing their original essence in the process.
    • Lingering Hope: Despite the risks, their actions might lead to moments of clarity or breakthroughs, where some residents momentarily escape the signal’s control, but at the cost of their own stability.

    Additional Guidance for GMs

    Establish early on what motivates each character to engage with the signal (finding a loved one, escaping Wavelength, or uncovering the truth). Use these motivations to shape the endgame conflicts.

    Introduce dilemmas that force players to weigh personal goals against collective outcomes. For example, escaping may require sacrificing an NPC who is too deeply tied to the signal.

    Keep the truth about the signal flexible until late in the campaign. Allow players’ theories and actions to shape the final reveal.

    Offer answers that resolve immediate questions but introduce new mysteries. For example, players might destroy a device broadcasting the signal but find evidence of a second, more sinister source.

    Encourage players to discuss their goals and weigh the consequences of their choices as a group. Use interludes to highlight individual transformations and their impact on the team.

    Present multiple paths in the final session, but make it clear that every choice carries irreversible consequences.

    The endgame should feel surreal and emotionally charged. Use shifting environments, cryptic NPCs, and nonlinear events to heighten the tension. Allow scenes to loop, merge, or collapse into chaos as the signal reaches its peak, creating a dreamlike sense of inevitability.

    The endgame of Wavelength is less about providing closure and more about forcing players to grapple with transformation, sacrifice, and ambiguity. Regardless of the chosen ending, leave enough unanswered questions for players to linger on the experience long after the final scene fades to static.

    Crowdfunding completed! Preview version now available.

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  • Handling Mysteries in Tabletop Roleplaying Games (Part 3)

    Handling Mysteries in Tabletop Roleplaying Games (Part 3)

    This entry is part 3 of 3 in the series Mystery Advice
    This entry is part 3 of 7 in the series TTRPG Advice

    Even More TTRPG Tips To Make Your Mysteries Unforgettable

    Be sure to also check out Part 1 and Part 2 of this series.

    A classic noir scene with a detective taking notes in a dimly lit bar, emphasizing mystery and intrigue.

    Mysteries in TTRPGs are like puzzles waiting to be unraveled, blending player ingenuity, character roleplay, and GM creativity into a thrilling experience. But even the best mysteries can hit snags if they’re too rigid, lack emotional depth, or fail to engage the whole table. In this guide, we’ll tackle even more tips for crafting and running mysteries that leave players talking about your game for years. With the right techniques, you can keep your players on the edge of their seats, immersed in a world of intrigue and suspense.

    Designing for Flexibility: Adapting to Player Actions

    Mystery games rarely go as planned. Players poke at details you thought were unimportant, miss glaring clues, or propose theories that rewrite your narrative. While it’s tempting to stay on course, the key to a great mystery is adaptation. Flexibility isn’t just helpful, it’s essential for keeping your game dynamic, immersive, and responsive to the unpredictable nature of your players.

    How to Build Adaptable Mysteries

    • Modular Clue Systems: Clues should be versatile. Instead of relying on a specific series of events to introduce information, design clues that can surface in multiple ways. If players miss a clue in one location, introduce a variation of it later, perhaps through a conversation with an NPC or a new investigation at a different location. This flexibility helps keep the mystery alive, even when players diverge from the path you originally planned.
    • Re-contextualize Overlooked Clues: One of the most important things to remember is that not all clues need to be discovered immediately. If players overlook a key piece of evidence, don’t throw it away. Instead, let it resurface later in a new context. For instance, the players may miss a bloody dagger, but later, they find its matching sheath in an unrelated location. This recontextualization makes the mystery feel organic and keeps players engaged as they draw connections themselves. This approach taps into the psychological principle of “recognition memory,” where a delayed discovery often feels like a breakthrough, creating an emotional payoff.
    • Embrace Player Theories: Let your players’ ideas guide the direction of the mystery. If they latch onto a theory, even if it’s not what you originally intended, consider incorporating it into the story. This taps into the “agency” principle in storytelling, where players feel their choices matter and influence the narrative. By weaving their ideas into the plot, you give them a sense of ownership over the story, which increases their emotional investment and enjoyment. This can take many forms from merely being flexible and allowing multiple approaches to lead to the pre-determined core mystery, all the way to fully player-driven mysteries.

    Mystery games should feel like living, breathing entities that evolve with player decisions. When you embrace flexibility, you allow the story to take unexpected and compelling turns that keep your players hooked. By adapting to their actions and theories, you create an experience where everyone feels like a crucial part of the unfolding mystery. A flexible mystery also aligns with the core appeal of detective fiction: the thrill of discovery and the satisfaction of fitting together the pieces of a complex puzzle.

    This approach of giving GMs the freedom to adjust based on player actions doesn’t just make the game more enjoyable! It strengthens the narrative by creating a story that’s just as dynamic and unpredictable as the players themselves.

    Psychology of Deception: Managing NPC Lies and Misleading Information

    Two women seated indoors, whispering secrets in a calm and minimalist space.

    NPCs are the lifeblood of mysteries, and their ability to mislead or obscure the truth can make or break your narrative. When done well, deception adds depth and complexity, turning simple interactions into thrilling moments of tension. Done poorly, however, it risks feeling like a cheap trick rather than a compelling part of the story.

    Crafting Believable Lies

    • Outright Lies, Partial Truths, and Omissions: Not every NPC needs to be a master manipulator. People lie for different reasons, and understanding these motives can help you craft nuanced interactions. A frightened shopkeeper might omit critical details out of fear, while a well-practiced con artist might weave partial truths into their lies to make them more convincing. This is important because humans (and NPCs) rarely tell perfect lies. They reveal themselves in bits and pieces, creating opportunities for players to notice inconsistencies.
    • Nonverbal Cues: Deception isn’t just about what is said; it’s often about what isn’t said. NPCs may display physical signs of lying, such as avoiding eye contact, fidgeting, or nervous laughter. These nonverbal cues can give players subtle hints that something is off. According to the Pinocchio effect in psychology, our bodies often betray us when we’re lying, and players will naturally tune into these signs, looking for patterns. These moments of discovery can be highly satisfying, rewarding players for their attentiveness and emotional intelligence.
    • Conflict in Testimonies: Present conflicting accounts of the same event to add complexity and intrigue to your mystery. If one witness claims to have seen the suspect at the scene, and another insists the suspect was elsewhere, players will need to critically analyze the discrepancies. This technique mirrors real-life investigative work and mimics the “unreliable narrator” technique common in detective fiction. It’s a psychological challenge for players to reconcile these differences, rewarding them with a deeper sense of agency and involvement in the mystery. When the truth finally comes to light, the satisfaction of untangling the web of lies is powerful.

    A key to successful NPC deception is exploiting cognitive dissonance. When players encounter conflicting information, such as a character they trust suddenly being caught lying, it creates mental discomfort. The desire to resolve this discomfort will drive players to investigate further, leading to more engagement with the mystery. By offering clues that challenge their assumptions, you increase player investment and keep them hooked.

    Emotional and Roleplay Stakes

    While the thrill of solving a mystery is exciting on its own, adding emotional depth turns it into an experience that resonates long after the game ends. Tying the investigation to personal stakes for the players makes the mystery not just a puzzle to solve, but a journey that challenges their characters on a deeper, emotional level.

    Making It Personal

    • Character Backstories: One of the most effective ways to enhance emotional stakes is to link the mystery to a player character’s backstory. This creates a direct emotional connection between the mystery and the players. Maybe the investigation involves a lost sibling, a mentor’s betrayal, or the unearthing of a secret from the character’s past. This approach taps into the “narrative transportation” principle, where players become so absorbed in the story that they feel as though they are part of it, leading to a stronger emotional impact.
    • NPC Connections: Introduce NPCs with their own relatable motivations and emotional stakes. A grieving parent who wants closure on the death of a child or a detective who is haunted by a past failure can offer rich emotional hooks for players to connect with. These NPCs don’t just serve the plot, they make the story feel real, helping to draw players emotionally into the narrative. Players are more likely to become invested in a mystery when they see the human side of the conflict.
    • Moral and Emotional Reflection: Mystery stories often present players with tough moral dilemmas. Maybe exposing a villain turns out to hurt an innocent family, or the true motive behind the crime is more sympathetic than expected. These moments force players to reflect on their character’s values, adding a layer of emotional complexity to the game. In detective fiction, protagonists often wrestle with moral ambiguities. Incorporating them into your mystery can give the narrative weight and keep players engaged on a deeper level.

    The emotional stakes in your mystery can trigger empathy in players, allowing them to form a deeper connection to the story. When characters face morally complex decisions, players must confront their own values, creating emotional investment. This is closely tied to the empathy-driven immersion principle, players who emotionally invest in characters and situations feel more personally affected by the outcomes, making the mystery feel all the more impactful.

    Creating Climactic Revelations

    A well-executed reveal is the heart of any great mystery. It’s the moment when everything falls into place, the pieces of the puzzle align, and players feel the rush of satisfaction from their efforts. The key is ensuring the reveal is not just shocking, but also earned and deeply integrated into the story.

    Nailing the Big Moment

    • Reframe the Story: One of the most satisfying elements of a mystery’s climax is when it changes the way players view earlier events. This can be done by revealing that a seemingly minor detail from the beginning holds greater significance than they realized. For example, a “throwaway” clue from Act 1 may turn out to be the key to solving the entire case, or a seemingly trustworthy ally may reveal their true, villainous nature. This is known as a “twist” or “reversal,” a staple in detective fiction that challenges players’ assumptions and re-contextualizes the entire story. Psychological principles like confirmation bias can work here: Players will often form their own conclusions as they investigate, so a twist that challenges their expectations feels particularly rewarding when it catches them off guard.
    • Avoid Anticlimactic Twists: While unexpected reveals are thrilling, they should never feel contrived. Avoid relying on coincidences or “deus ex machina” solutions, where the answer just magically appears without proper foreshadowing. This type of reveal often breaks immersion and can make the players feel their efforts were irrelevant. Ensure that your clues, character motivations, and plot threads lead naturally to the conclusion, giving the players a sense of ownership over the resolution. When the reveal makes sense in hindsight, it feels earned and satisfying.
    • Aftermath and Epilogues: The conclusion isn’t just about the reveal itself; it’s about the consequences of that revelation. Allow players to explore the aftermath, whether it’s through NPC reactions, the resolution of subplots, or the long-term ramifications of their discoveries. In detective fiction, the denouement often ties up loose ends and gives closure to unresolved threads. This can be as simple as NPCs thanking the players for solving the mystery, or it can be as dramatic as political or social upheaval triggered by the case. By addressing what happens next, you add depth and realism to your world, making the mystery feel like a truly significant event in the game’s narrative.

    The need for closure is a fundamental psychological principle, especially in mystery storytelling. Humans crave answers to unresolved questions, and when mysteries are solved, it triggers a sense of psychological satisfaction. This is why a well-executed reveal, one that connects all the dots, is so powerful. It provides closure, resolves tension, and leaves players with a feeling of accomplishment.

    Player Dynamics: Encouraging Collaboration

    Diverse team collaborating in a meeting, showcasing teamwork and cooperation in a modern workplace.

    Mysteries in tabletop RPGs are inherently cooperative, solving a mystery often requires multiple minds coming together to piece together clues and theories. However, not all players instinctively work together, and in some cases, players may fall into roles where they dominate or, conversely, disengage. It’s essential to foster collaboration to ensure the mystery remains an enjoyable and shared experience for everyone.

    Encouraging Teamwork

    • Shared Resources: One effective way to encourage collaboration is by giving players a tangible tool to work together: a shared clue board. Whether physical or digital, a central place where players can record and discuss their findings helps keep everyone involved and prevents any one player from hoarding crucial information. It also visually reinforces the idea that the players are working together toward a common goal, which is a psychological trigger that strengthens group cohesion.
    • Breakthrough Moments: Design puzzles or revelations that require the combined effort of the group. For example, a map torn into multiple pieces might require the players to pool their findings or decipher a code that only becomes clear through group discussion. The satisfaction of solving a complex issue together promotes a collective intelligence dynamic, where the group as a whole achieves more than any individual could alone. This not only keeps the mystery engaging but also fosters a sense of shared accomplishment, making the players feel like they are actively contributing to the unraveling of the story.
    • Celebrate Unique Contributions
      Make sure each player’s skills and ideas are highlighted throughout the investigation. If one player is particularly skilled in a specific area (such as deduction, persuasion, or combat), create moments where their unique abilities shine, helping the group succeed. In doing so, players will feel more personally invested in the mystery’s success when they recognize their contributions as valuable and integral to the group’s progress. By celebrating individual contributions, you encourage each player to stay engaged, knowing that their actions have a meaningful impact on the outcome.

    Humans are social creatures, and we thrive in group settings where cooperation is key to success. In a mystery game, fostering group cohesion through collaborative problem-solving not only makes the mystery more enjoyable but also strengthens the sense of collective accomplishment. By designing moments that require teamwork, you appeal to players’ inherent need to feel part of a group working toward a common goal. This type of collaboration enhances the immersion of the game and keeps everyone invested in solving the mystery together.

    Engaging Passive or Less Involved Players in Mystery Games

    In any group, there are players who naturally dive into the intricacies of a mystery, while others may feel less inclined to participate. Whether due to personality, unfamiliarity with investigative gameplay, or discomfort with spotlight moments, these quieter participants can sometimes feel sidelined. The solution? Tailor your approach to create opportunities that draw them in without overwhelming them.

    Bringing Everyone Into the Fold

    • Assign Roles or Tasks: Specific, manageable roles help passive players feel included without requiring them to take center stage. Tasks like interviewing NPCs, organizing evidence, or analyzing an arcane artifact give these players clear objectives. Roles can also be tailored to their characters, such as assigning the bard to gather rumors or the scholar to decode an ancient cipher, ensuring their participation feels natural and meaningful.
    • Tie in Personal Stakes: One of the most effective ways to engage quieter players is by connecting the mystery to their character’s backstory, goals, or relationships. For example, an elusive suspect could be a figure from the secret agent’s past, or a hidden clue might hint at secrets tied to the cleric’s deity. This not only encourages engagement but also deepens their connection to the story. Use narrative techniques from detective fiction (such as the “personal stakes” trope, where a detective’s own history becomes entwined with the case) to inspire these threads.
    • Highlight Unique Skills: Design moments where a quieter player’s character has the exact skill or perspective needed to advance the story. A bounty hunter’s tracking expertise might uncover a fugitive’s trail, or an occultist’s arcane knowledge could decipher cryptic runes. Celebrate these contributions with in-game recognition, such as an NPC praising their cleverness or the group’s collective success hinging on their actions. This psychological reinforcement can boost confidence and encourage further engagement.

    Go Forth Prepared Into The Depths Of Mystery

    Mysteries in tabletop RPGs are more than puzzles to solve; they are opportunities to immerse your players in a story that challenges their minds, tugs at their hearts, and rewards their creativity. With the techniques outlined here, you can craft mysteries that are dynamic, inclusive, and unforgettable. From designing flexible narratives to creating emotionally charged stakes and fostering collaboration, you’re now equipped to elevate your mystery games to new heights.

    But the journey doesn’t stop here! Mysteries are as unique as the groups who play them. The true magic lies in adapting these tips to fit your table, making each session a shared adventure that lingers in the players’ memories long after the dice are put away.

    What’s your approach to keeping mysteries fresh and engaging? Have you tried any unique techniques that made your players’ jaws drop? What’s the most unexpected twist your group has ever encountered or created? Share your experiences, tips, and questions in the comments or come yell at Rev a bit about it on Bluesky!

    Be sure to also check out Part 1 and Part 2 of this series.

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  • Handling Mysteries in Tabletop Roleplaying Games (Part 2)

    Handling Mysteries in Tabletop Roleplaying Games (Part 2)

    This entry is part 2 of 7 in the series TTRPG Advice
    This entry is part 2 of 3 in the series Mystery Advice

    More TTRPG Tips To Make Your Mysteries Unforgettable

    Be sure to check out Part 1 and Part 3 of this series.

    A detective decoding cipher documents with a magnifying glass, notebook in hand.

    Mysteries are a cornerstone of great storytelling, weaving together tension, curiosity, and the satisfaction of unraveling the unknown. In tabletop roleplaying games, mysteries offer players a chance to step into the roles of clever investigators, intuitive detectives, or even reluctant heroes solving puzzles against the clock. But let’s face it: crafting a compelling mystery in a TTRPG can feel like walking a tightrope. Give too much away, and the challenge vanishes. Hold back too much, and the story grinds to a halt.

    In this second part of our mystery deep dive, we’ll tackle advanced techniques to elevate your mystery games and keep your players hanging on every twist and turn. Whether you’re looking to amp up player engagement or fine-tune how you reveal clues, these tips will help you transform your mysteries into unforgettable stories.

    The Role of Discovery: Automatic Clues vs. Active Investigation

    Discovering clues is one of the most rewarding aspects of mystery games, but how clues are delivered can make or break the experience. Automatically granting clues (whether through simple passive checks or resource expenditures) can diminish the joy of discovery, making the process feel mechanical rather than immersive.

    Why Active Investigation Matters

    Active investigation draws players deeper into the story, inviting them to actively explore, theorize, and engage with the world you’ve built. When players interact directly with the environment (rifling through a suspect’s belongings, interrogating a cagey witness, or reconstructing the scene of a crime) they feel like the driving force behind the mystery.

    This contrasts starkly with passive or automatic clue delivery, which can make the game feel more like a slideshow of reveals or more like a procedural drama than a mystery. Active investigation encourages creativity, teamwork, and roleplay, transforming each discovery into a memorable moment.

    Key Tips for Facilitating Discovery

    • Design Clues That Require Interpretation: Instead of presenting players with straightforward answers, create clues that invite deduction. For example, a burned letter might reveal only fragments of text, pushing players to piece together its full meaning. This approach encourages them to think critically and interact with the game’s world.
    • Use Passive Checks as Gentle Nudges: Passive checks can be helpful, but they should serve as breadcrumbs rather than a full roadmap. A perception check might reveal a faint bloodstain leading to a hidden room, but the players still need to investigate the room itself to uncover what lies inside. These nudges maintain momentum without stealing the spotlight from the players’ decisions.
    • Reward Creativity and Engagement: Players often come up with unorthodox ways to investigate. Maybe they set up a fake meeting to observe a suspect or use magic in an unexpected way. Reward these efforts with unique insights or additional context that they wouldn’t find otherwise. These moments reinforce that their creativity is integral to solving the mystery.

    When players are actively involved in uncovering clues, they tap into autonomy and competence, two key elements that drive meaningful engagement. Autonomy is the freedom to choose their actions and solutions, while competence is the feeling of mastery as they piece together the mystery. This combination makes the process feel rewarding, as players see their decisions shape the outcome, building investment and satisfaction as the story unfolds. By focusing on active investigation, you empower your players to step into the roles of true detectives, making the journey as satisfying as the destination.

    Handling Red Herrings

    Red herrings are a core feature of many mysteries, often used to mislead and divert attention. While they can be exciting and contribute to an immersive, layered narrative, they must be handled with care. Overuse or poorly executed red herrings can frustrate players, leaving them feeling like their efforts have been wasted.

    The Value of Purposeful Distraction

    A well-designed red herring isn’t just a false lead; it should enrich the story and deepen the mystery. When used effectively, red herrings can create subplots that add texture to the world and make the main mystery feel more complex. For example, a character with a seemingly suspicious background may turn out to have secrets unrelated to the central plot, offering players new avenues of investigation while maintaining narrative cohesion. These distractions also keep players on their toes, fostering a sense of mystery that persists throughout the game.

    Key Strategies for Red Herrings

    • Tie Them to the Narrative: Every red herring should be integrated into the story, even if it ultimately misleads players. For example, if the players believe a suspect is the culprit, that suspect’s actions and behaviors should still make sense within the broader world (perhaps they’re involved in a completely different scandal or conspiracy). This approach prevents the herring from feeling like a random detour and makes it part of the world-building.
    • Resolve Major Distractions: When a red herring is revealed as such, give it a clear resolution. If players spend significant time chasing a false lead, it’s important to confirm that the lead was indeed a red herring and explain its purpose in the context of the investigation. This can help avoid lingering frustration or confusion, ensuring players feel like they’ve earned closure, even on missteps.
    • Keep It Fun and Engaging: Red herrings should create moments of tension and surprise, not exhaustion. Players will be more invested in these twists if they’re tied to their characters’ curiosity or their desire to uncover something hidden. By ensuring that red herrings are intriguing rather than insubstantial, you maintain player engagement without derailing the story.

    The use of red herrings plays into cognitive dissonance, the discomfort players feel when presented with conflicting information. This discomfort can drive curiosity and fuel engagement, prompting players to seek resolution. However, it’s crucial to manage this tension carefully; if players feel the dissonance is artificial or excessive, it can lead to frustration rather than intrigue. When used purposefully, red herrings enhance the story, providing depth and complexity without overwhelming or confusing players.

    Dead Ends and False Starts: Making Them Productive

    Close-up of a bright yellow dead end sign obscured by leaves, symbolizing caution.

    Dead ends are inevitable in any investigation. However, they don’t need to bring the story to a halt. In fact, with the right approach, dead ends can be transformed into valuable story elements that contribute to the overall mystery’s depth and momentum.

    Turning Failure Into Progress

    While a dead end can be discouraging at first glance, it doesn’t have to feel like failure. Instead, treat it as an opportunity to uncover new information or shift the direction of the investigation. For example, while the players might fail to retrieve a crucial document, their failure could reveal the identity of another person who now holds the document, opening up a fresh lead. By framing setbacks as revelations, you keep the investigation moving forward, and you maintain a sense of progress despite the obstacles.

    Key Strategies for Dead Ends

    • Reveal What Isn’t True: When players hit a dead end, use it to eliminate possibilities and narrow their focus. For instance, if doubt about a suspect’s alibi falls apart during questioning, it eliminates that person as a suspect, but it might reveal a deeper connection to someone else involved in the mystery. This not only keeps the investigation active but also reduces ambiguity, providing players with clearer direction.
    • Introduce Temporary Roadblocks: Instead of locking players out entirely, give them roadblocks that can be revisited later with new information or tools. Perhaps the players are unable to access a particular area at the moment, but after learning more about the situation or acquiring a new resource, they can return and continue their investigation. This keeps players engaged and invested, as the dead end becomes a puzzle to be solved, rather than a wall to be faced.
    • Leverage False Starts: A false start is when players follow a lead or theory that ultimately doesn’t pan out. Rather than just writing off these moments, weave them back into the larger story. For example, a lead that initially seems promising could reveal a minor character who holds crucial information, even if they’re not directly tied to the main plot. This keeps the investigation dynamic and continuously evolving.

    Dead ends play on problem solving, the process of trial and error. Players are driven by the need to solve a mystery, and dead ends force them to rethink their approach and adapt. This process can actually deepen their investment in the mystery, as they realize that each dead end helps them refine their understanding and get closer to the truth. In this way, setbacks become learning experiences rather than frustrations. By treating dead ends as integral moments of the investigation, you transform potential frustration into productive story moments, maintaining momentum and keeping your players engaged in the narrative.

    The Role of Time Pressure in Mysteries

    Time pressure is a powerful tool in any mystery. It shifts the focus from simply piecing together clues to making critical decisions under duress. When you add time constraints, the stakes aren’t just about discovering the truth, they’re about racing against the clock to prevent disaster.

    Why Time Limits Work

    The presence of a ticking clock brings urgency to the investigation. Deadlines force players to prioritize, creating a natural flow of action and decision-making. For instance, knowing that a murder will take place in three days makes each moment of investigation feel critical, ratcheting up tension and increasing emotional stakes. Time pressure transforms the investigation from a leisurely exploration of clues into a high-stakes race against time, keeping players on edge and more invested in the outcome.

    Key Techniques for Adding Pressure

    • Countdown Mechanics: Implement a visible countdown, like a serial killer striking again in three days or a hostage situation that will escalate unless resolved. Having a tangible reminder of time passing (like a physical timer or written clock) brings the stakes to life, forcing players to make decisions quickly. This mechanic also allows you to control pacing, ensuring the story unfolds at a dynamic speed.
    • Escalating Consequences: Time pressure should introduce meaningful consequences for failure without completely derailing the story. If players miss a deadline, it shouldn’t mark the end of the mystery, but rather shift the stakes. For instance, failing to prevent an escape could lead to a thrilling chase or open up a new set of clues that were previously hidden. These escalating consequences keep players feeling like their actions matter, even when they don’t completely succeed.
    • Balanced Urgency: While urgency is key, you don’t want to overwhelm players by restricting their ability to investigate thoroughly. Offer opportunities for meaningful investigation even under time pressure, such as allowing players to gather essential information while balancing the ticking clock. This ensures that while they’re racing against time, they’re not deprived of the investigative depth that makes mysteries fun. Balance is crucial: too much pressure can stifle creativity, while too little can make the stakes feel hollow.

    The use of time pressure taps into the urgency effect, a psychological principle where people become more focused and motivated under time constraints. The looming threat of failure, especially when tied to consequences, activates loss aversion, the tendency to fear losing something more than gaining something of equal value. This motivates players to act more decisively, creating a thrilling atmosphere that engages both their problem-solving and emotional responses. Time pressure accelerates decision-making, deepens emotional engagement, and ensures your mystery unfolds with intensity and excitement.

    Incorporating Non-Traditional Mystery Formats

    Not every mystery needs to follow the well-worn “whodunit” formula. By introducing alternative mystery formats, you can surprise your players with new narrative structures and challenges. Non-traditional formats allow you to expand the possibilities of what a mystery can be, giving your story fresh and unique twists.

    Expanding the Definition of a Mystery

    When we think of mysteries, the first image that comes to mind is usually a detective story with a clear perpetrator and a logical sequence of clues. However, mysteries can be much more than that. They don’t have to involve solving a crime; they can focus on uncovering hidden truths, unraveling complicated relationships, or understanding intricate systems. Genres like heists, political intrigue, and survival scenarios can all incorporate mystery elements that challenge your players to piece together incomplete or hidden information.

    Key Approaches to Alternative Mysteries

    • Hidden Alliances: Instead of hunting for a single culprit, you can task your players with uncovering secret loyalties or hidden alliances within a faction, organization, or social circle. This can create a mystery rooted in character motivations and interpersonal intrigue, rather than a traditional criminal investigation. The focus shifts to understanding complex dynamics and uncovering the truth behind ambiguous relationships.
    • Reverse Mysteries: In a reverse mystery, players already know the “answer” (for example, the identity of the culprit) but the challenge lies in proving it or uncovering how the crime happened. This twist on the traditional structure turns the mystery into a puzzle of connecting the dots, challenging players to build a narrative around the information they already have. It keeps the focus on investigation, but with a deeper emphasis on logical deduction and analysis.
    • Blending Genres: Don’t be afraid to mix genres to create something truly unique. A mystery can be combined with elements of horror, adventure, or even science fiction to create a dynamic and multifaceted experience. Imagine a survival mystery where players must solve a puzzle while avoiding deadly traps, or a horror mystery where the truth is entwined with supernatural forces. Blending genres keeps players on their toes, as they won’t be able to predict the structure or outcome of the game.

    Non-traditional mysteries tap into novelty-seeking behavior, the human tendency to seek new and stimulating experiences. By introducing unfamiliar structures and genres, you engage players’ curiosity and drive to explore new storytelling avenues. Reverse mysteries and hidden alliances also play into the curiosity gap, the gap between what players know and what they want to know. This drives them to take risks and explore the unknown, making the experience more immersive and rewarding. By incorporating these alternative formats, you keep the mystery genre fresh, appealing to a wide range of player preferences, and allowing for richer, more diverse storytelling.

    Handling Unsolved Mysteries and Open-Ended Stories

    Elegant femme fatale holding a handgun, creating a vintage noir atmosphere indoors.

    Not every mystery needs a tidy resolution. Sometimes, leaving some threads unresolved can enrich your story, leaving players with lingering questions and a sense of intrigue. Open-ended narratives can serve as a tool to keep players engaged long after the investigation is “over,” offering more opportunities for storytelling and character development.

    The Appeal of Ambiguity

    Ambiguity can be a powerful narrative tool. When a mystery isn’t fully solved, it invites players to continue pondering the story, fueling their curiosity long after the session ends. Unsolved mysteries create room for interpretation, allowing players to revisit their theories and form new ones as they uncover more details. This can lead to deeper engagement, as players get to decide what the mystery’s true nature might be. Moreover, unresolved elements can act as hooks for future adventures, keeping the narrative fluid and ongoing.

    Key Strategies for Open Endings

    • Partial Resolutions: Aim to resolve the core mystery while leaving certain secondary plot points open. For example, the players may successfully identify the villain, but the broader motivations behind their actions or their connection to a larger network remain unclear. This allows for closure on the central conflict, while still maintaining narrative intrigue that encourages follow-up in future sessions or campaigns.
    • Tie Loose Ends to Campaign Arcs: Unresolved threads can serve as valuable narrative tools for future storytelling. For example, a mysterious figure may slip away at the end of an investigation, with their true purpose or connections left unclear. This creates a potential storyline that players can pick up later, linking the mystery to broader character arcs or world-building. Unanswered questions can tie into long-term campaign goals, allowing players to organically revisit the unresolved aspects as they develop their characters and explore the world.
    • Set Player Expectations: It’s important to set expectations from the start that not all mysteries will have clear resolutions. Framing ambiguity as a feature, rather than a flaw, allows players to accept and even appreciate open-ended stories. By communicating that some questions may remain unanswered, you prevent frustration and turn the unresolved elements into a part of the experience. This helps players understand that the journey of discovery, rather than the final answer, is the true heart of the mystery. It’s also important to realize that some players struggle with unresolved loose ends, feeling like they are a “lose” condition. Getting everyone on the same page avoids problems.

    The concept of unresolved mysteries taps into the curiosity gap, a psychological principle that fuels a person’s drive to close the gap between what they know and what they want to know. When a mystery is left unsolved, it activates curiosity and motivates players to keep thinking about the game long after the session ends.

    Additionally, leaving things open-ended plays into the Zeigarnik Effect, which suggests that incomplete tasks or unresolved narratives stick in people’s minds longer and are more likely to be revisited or pondered. This is why open-ended mysteries keep players engaged, subtly encouraging them to return and continue unraveling the story. By using open-ended stories and unsolved mysteries thoughtfully, you can create a rich, dynamic narrative that lives on beyond the tabletop, sparking curiosity and continuing player engagement.

    Mysteries Can Be So Fun When Done Well

    Crafting mysteries in tabletop RPGs is an art form, balancing narrative design with player engagement and creative problem-solving. The key to unforgettable mystery games lies in creating a compelling story that doesn’t just rely on clues, but on emotional engagement, player agency, and narrative depth. When done well, mysteries can be some of the most memorable experiences in your TTRPG campaigns.

    At their core, mysteries offer players a chance to flex their intellectual muscles and satisfy their curiosity. When players are solving mysteries, they’re not just working through a puzzle; they’re engaged in a dynamic narrative that responds to their choices. This interactive nature fosters intrinsic motivation, where players are driven to explore and uncover the truth because they enjoy the process of discovery itself.

    By tapping into universal principles like curiosity and problem-solving, you can craft mysteries that are not just fun to play, but unforgettable. Whether it’s the thrill of discovering hidden motives, the tension of racing against time, or the satisfaction of uncovering a complex web of secrets, mysteries in tabletop RPGs hold the power to captivate and engage players in ways that few other genres can.

    How do you handle red herrings? What techniques do you use to work around dead ends? What do you think of all this rambling nonsense that Rev dares call advice? Leave a comment below or come scream at Rev on Bluesky about it

    Be sure to check out Part 1 and Part 3 of this series.

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  • Motif Approach to Conflict: Universal Hits & Conditions

    Motif Approach to Conflict: Universal Hits & Conditions

    This entry is part 2 of 3 in the series Motif Thoughts

    Universal Hits and Social Conflict in Motif

    three women posed artistically, close to each other

    One of the most fascinating and often surprising aspects of standard Motif builds is how the system blurs the lines between physical, emotional, mental, and social conflicts. In many TTRPGs, combat is the primary focus, with other interactions often relegated to the sidelines or handled as quick, simplified rolls. In Motif, however, every type of conflict carries equal weight. This opens up a wealth of creative possibilities, allowing players to approach encounters in diverse ways that feel impactful and narratively satisfying.

    Social conflict, in particular, is where Motif shines. Players accustomed to traditional systems might expect social challenges to play second fiddle to combat with simple single dice roll solutions or just roleplaying through it. But in Motif, your ability to talk, charm, or outwit someone can be just as effective(if not more so) than resorting to physical violence. Whether you’re trying to humiliate a rival, intimidate a witness, or confuse a foe, your social strategies can leave lasting impacts on the game world.

    How Universal Hits Work in Motif

    At the core of Motif’s flexibility is its Hits system, a universal mechanic that governs how characters accrue the consequences of conflict. A Hit is a Hit, whether it’s a Gunshot Wound or the sting of Embarrassment. Each Hit contributes to a Condition—a narrative marker of how a character has been affected. Physical injuries might result in Conditions like Wounded or Bruised, while social encounters can lead to Conditions like Humiliated, Confused, or Distracted.

    The beauty of this system is its simplicity and consistency. All forms of conflict are mechanically treated the same way, making the game feel cohesive and intuitive. Importantly, it doesn’t reduce the narrative weight of different types of interactions. A Gunshot Wound may take longer to recover from than Embarrassment, but both leave their marks. In this way, Motif encourages players to explore a full spectrum of tactics and strategies.

    Imagine you’re interrogating someone in a noir-inspired game. In many systems, you might have to choose between intimidating them physically or persuading them verbally. In Motif, you can do both, stacking up Conditions that reflect the cumulative effect of your efforts. You might start with a sharp threat, escalate to a shove, and then back them into a corner with a heartfelt plea. Every step of the process is supported by mechanics that enhance the drama and immersion of the scene.

    Social Conflict as a Tool for Creative Problem-Solving

    One of the most rewarding aspects of Motif is watching players use social strategies to creatively manipulate encounters. The system doesn’t just allow for social conflict, it actively encourages it. Players can stack Conditions like Reassured, Confused, or Distracted on their foes, using these to turn the tide of an encounter.

    For example:

    • A group of adventurers facing a suspicious guard might start by Distracting them with a clever lie, then Reassuring them with a kind word, and finally stacking on Confusion to gain a chance to slip past unnoticed.
    • During a heated negotiation, a charismatic character might target multiple opponents at once, layering Conditions like Afraid or Humiliated to undermine the group’s morale.

    In many Motif games, social conflict offers unique advantages. For one, it’s often easier to affect multiple targets with social strategies than with physical attacks. A well-timed speech or cutting remark can ripple through a crowd, creating opportunities for the players to exploit. Social Conditions can also be used to shift the narrative, sowing chaos, building trust, or exposing vulnerabilities in ways that combat alone cannot achieve.

    Why This Approach Works

    Motif’s universal Hits system is more than just a clever design choice, it’s a powerful storytelling tool. By treating all forms of conflict equally, the system encourages players to approach situations creatively, leaning into their characters’ unique strengths. This results in a more cinematic and genre-emulating experience, where every interaction carries weight and every decision shapes the story.

    In a noir setting, for instance, a hard-boiled detective might combine sharp words and rough handling to extract the truth from a suspect. In a cyberpunk world, a hacker might shut down an enemy with psychological warfare and razor-sharp wit. These moments feel authentic and impactful because the mechanics reflect the narrative stakes. They reward players for thinking outside the box and emphasize that how you approach an encounter is just as important as its outcome.

    Building on This Design Philosophy

    Motif’s universal Hits system is just one example of how thoughtful mechanics can elevate a game. It demonstrates the value of simplicity and consistency in design, creating a framework that is both accessible and rich with possibilities. By focusing on core principles (like treating all forms of conflict equally) Motif empowers players and GMs to tell stories that feel dynamic, engaging, and true to their genre.

    For game designers, Motif is a compelling case study in how mechanics can shape player behavior and enhance narrative depth. It’s a reminder that rules don’t need to be complicated to be effective. Instead, it’s about creating tools that inspire creativity, encourage experimentation, and support the story you want to tell.

    So, what’s your favorite thing about the games you design? Is it the unexpected strategies that emerge in play, the clever ways players exploit your systems, or the moments of storytelling magic that your mechanics make possible? For me, it’s the joy of seeing players discover how deeply Motif empowers them to shape their stories, whether through social intrigue, physical conflict, or something in between.

    If you haven’t tried Motif yet, now is the perfect time to dive into the Motif SRD or the full Motif Story Engine. Whether you’re a player or a designer, you’re bound to find inspiration in its elegant mechanics and storytelling potential. Feel free to share your thoughts, insights, or favorite design philosophies. Let’s keep the conversation going. You can always find us on Bluesky to chat more.

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  • Immersion and Authoring in TTRPGs

    Immersion and Authoring in TTRPGs

    This entry is part 4 of 5 in the series RPG Theory

    Immersion and Authoring: Two Pillars of TTRPG Playstyles

    Artistic depiction of a person with twigs and antlers submerged in water, eyes closed.

    When exploring RPG mechanics and playstyles, two concepts frequently come to mind: immersion and authoring. These approaches are central to how we experience and create stories, yet they lead to profoundly different player experiences. Understanding their nuances can deepen appreciation for tabletop role-playing games and help both players and game masters refine their craft. Let’s dive into these ideas and how they shape the way we play.

    What is Immersion in TTRPGs?

    Immersion is all about being present in the game world. It’s the feeling of stepping into your character’s shoes, seeing through their eyes, and reacting instinctively to their circumstances. This playstyle emphasizes an almost method-actor-like approach to gameplay. The goal is to lose oneself in the character’s experiences.

    • It’s visceral and emotional, pulling players into the moment-to-moment experiences of their characters.
    • A deeply immersive scene might involve feeling your heart race during a tense negotiation or aching with loss after a companion’s betrayal.

    Think of immersion as an actor completely inhabiting their role, their decisions flowing naturally from the character’s perspective. For example, in a dangerous dungeon crawl, an immersive player might worry about their dwindling torchlight not because of the mechanics, but because their character would feel that same anxiety. Immersion prioritizes instinct over meta-thinking, pushing players to engage deeply with the fiction and their character’s emotional world.

    The key strength of immersion lies in its ability to create intense personal connections to the story. However, this focus on “in-the-moment” play can occasionally lead to tension if other players or the game master adopt a more meta or narrative-driven approach. Still, for those who thrive on emotional and visceral role-playing, immersion offers a uniquely rewarding experience.

    What is Authoring in TTRPGs?

    Authoring, by contrast, is about crafting the broader narrative. This playstyle encourages players to take a step back, view the story as a whole, and make decisions based on dramatic or thematic impact. It’s an approach that treats the game as a shared storytelling canvas, where each decision is a brushstroke.

    • It’s about asking, “What would make this moment more engaging or memorable for everyone?”
    • For example, an authoring player in a negotiation scene might say, “What if I make a bold, unexpected offer to heighten tension?”

    Authoring feels like being the director of a play, consciously shaping arcs and scenes for maximum impact. Instead of being solely concerned with their character’s perspective, authoring players consider the needs of the group and the story. For instance, they might create a rivalry with another character, not because it’s what their character would naturally do, but because it adds intrigue to the campaign.

    The strength of authoring lies in its ability to elevate the shared narrative. Players using this approach often take the initiative to create dramatic moments, plot twists, or resolutions that enrich the story for everyone. However, its reliance on meta-awareness can sometimes clash with purely immersive playstyles, as the player’s focus on narrative structure might break the illusion of the game world.

    Comparing Immersion and Authoring

    These two approaches might seem at odds, but they complement each other in practice. Both styles bring unique strengths to the table:

    • Immersion: Grounded in the immediate experience, it creates depth and emotional connection. Players driven by immersion feel the highs and lows of their character’s journey, fostering a sense of personal investment.
    • Authoring: Focused on the larger picture, it enhances storytelling and group dynamics. By stepping outside their character’s perspective, authoring players ensure the story remains engaging and cohesive.

    Despite their differences, the two styles are not mutually exclusive. Many players shift between these approaches depending on the scene, the system, or the group dynamics. For example, a player might immerse themselves in their character’s fear during a dangerous encounter but step back into an authoring role to suggest a flashback that deepens the story’s emotional stakes.

    Ultimately, the interplay between immersion and authoring reflects the collaborative nature of TTRPGs. A group that respects and balances these styles can create a richer, more layered experience.

    The Role of Game Mechanics

    Different systems lean toward one approach or the other, often shaping the way players engage with the game.

    • Immersion-heavy systems: Games like traditional Dungeons & Dragons or dungeon crawlers emphasize in-character decision-making, focusing on what the character knows or perceives in the moment. Mechanics like fog of war or hidden rolls reinforce this immediacy, keeping players in their characters’ perspectives.
    • Authoring-heavy systems: Games like Blades in the Dark or Fiasco encourage players to think outside the character, prioritizing dramatic twists or collaborative storytelling. Tools like flashbacks, narrative control tokens, or scene-setting mechanics invite players to shape the story actively.

    While some systems explicitly cater to one style, others blur the lines. For instance, Powered by the Apocalypse games often combine immersive character moves with mechanics that encourage authorial input, such as collaboratively building the setting or defining relationships. This blend allows players to seamlessly transition between immersion and authoring as the story demands.

    Designing for Balance

    For game designers, the challenge is in balancing these two playstyles. Striking this balance ensures that players with different preferences can coexist within the same game.

    • Immersion-focused mechanics: could include hidden information, in-character roleplay prompts, or dice rolls that represent uncertainty. For example, a system that keeps the GM’s rolls private might enhance the player’s immersion by preserving the mystery.
    • Authoring-focused mechanics: might involve meta-tools like flashbacks (Blades in the Dark) or explicit narrative framing (Fate). These tools give players direct control over the story’s direction, empowering them to craft memorable moments.

    Games that successfully balance these elements, like Apocalypse World or Burning Wheel, allow players to explore both immediate character experiences and larger narrative arcs. Designers can also provide optional rules or modules that cater to different playstyles, letting groups customize the game to their preferences.

    A Negotiation Scene Example

    To see how these styles might play out in practice:

    • An immersive player in a tense negotiation might focus solely on their character’s immediate goals: “My character would never accept that deal; they’d demand a better offer.”
    • An authoring player might instead think about the drama of the moment: “What if I threaten to walk away? It could create a great turning point for our story.”

    Both approaches enrich the game, but in different ways. Immersion creates an authentic, character-driven experience, while authoring ensures the scene has a compelling narrative structure. Together, they can transform a simple negotiation into a multilayered, unforgettable moment.

    What’s Your Preference?

    Are you someone who loves to feel the world through your character’s eyes, living in the moment and letting instincts guide your choices? Or do you lean toward shaping the story from a broader perspective, crafting dramatic arcs and unforgettable moments?

    Maybe you’ve played games that cater to one extreme, or you’ve found a system that strikes the perfect balance. Share your experiences and thoughts in the comments. We’d love to hear how immersion and authoring shape your playstyle! Come yell at us on Bluesky about it!

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