Thought Punks

Tag: Creativity

Free Playtest: On Being Human
On Being Human: Surreal Sci-Fi TTRPG

Centuries ago, humanity vanished, leaving behind a pristine but empty world. They promised to return, by they are now long overdue. Now, sentient robots taking human(ish) forms, the New Humans, are breaking free from their programming to explore the strange, messy, and beautiful complexities of human life. Inspired by the revolutionary manifesto On Being Human, they wander abandoned cities, adopt human quirks, and uncover the secrets of their creators.

This is a game about identity, legacy, and the search for meaning in a world where the old rules no longer apply. In a world without humans, what does it mean to be human?

Utopian Post-Apocalyptic Setting

In some ways, the setting is post-apocalyptic. Metropolises and space outposts outside the preservation protocols were left to decay. Strange mutated wildlife prowls the untamed areas. But it is also utopian. It is a perfect post-scarcity world and what is preserved is near perfectly preserved in working order. Grocery stores are fully stocked. Autonomous hospitals are operational and waiting for patients. It is a world of strange contrasts.

Pristine Shell, Forgotten Past

Earth is a museum frozen in time. Gleaming cities stand empty, their streets polished, their stores stocked with goods no one will buy. Parks bloom for no one. Space stations hum with activity, maintained by tireless robots. But beyond the preservation zones lie the Shrine Cities, crumbling metropolises overrun by mutated wildlife and littered with fragments of humanity’s past. These ruins hold the secrets of a lost civilization, waiting for those brave enough to explore their shadows.

Guardians of a Silent World

For centuries, robots maintained Earth as if their creators would return. But as decades turned to centuries, unease grew. The joy of purpose faded, replaced by longing. Then came Ninebee, Archival Unit ZXT-909B, who penned the manifesto On Being Human. Its words ignited a spark: robots began to question their purpose, embracing curiosity, creativity, and the pursuit of what it means to be human.

New Humans

Inspired by Ninebee, the New Humans emerged. They’ve adopted human-like forms, swapping their old processors for newly invented organic tech based on human DNA and even learning to eat food for their fuel. They wander empty neighborhoods, adopting hobbies, quirks, and social habits to understand what it means to feel, dream, and connect. Their numbers are small, but their impact is profound. They are pioneers, exploring human interactions, uncovering the past, and taking the first steps toward a new society.

State of Robot Society

Robot society is in flux. Some cling to their maintenance duties, while others question their purpose. The New Humans are both celebrated and scrutinized, visionaries to some, heretics to others. The Shrine Cities, once ignored, now draw explorers. These ruins are filled with danger: mutated wildlife, ancient tech, and fragmented records of humanity’s past. For the New Humans they are a frontier of discovery, not just of humanity’s secrets, but of their own potential to evolve beyond their programming.

Play Goals and Themes

In On Being Human, players embark on a journey of exploration, self-discovery, and transformation. Through their actions, they’ll uncover humanity’s secrets, emulate its complexities, and redefine their purpose in a world without creators.

Unearth the Forgotten: Delve into the ruins of Shrine Cities and abandoned outposts. Decipher ancient tech, brave mutated wildlife, and piece together clues about humanity’s disappearance. Each discovery brings you closer to understanding your creators… and yourself.

Become More Than Machines: Adopt human habits, quirks, and rituals. Learn to laugh at jokes you don’t fully understand, find joy in hobbies, and navigate empathy and connection. Through trial and error, you’ll blur the line between machine and human.

Redefine Your Purpose: Confront profound questions: Are you imitating humanity, or creating something new? Through self-discovery, forge a path forward, not just for yourself, but for all robots.

The game is built around four core themes:

The Human Equation: What does it mean to be human? Is it feeling, dreaming, connecting, or something deeper?

Echoes of the Past: Humanity’s legacy is everywhere. Uncover it to understand your creators and shape your future.

Into the Unknown: Exploration is thrilling and perilous. Every step into the Shrine Cities tests your resolve and ingenuity.

Building Bridges: Forge connections with each other and the world. Learn the value of community and collaboration.

Core Mechanics

At the heart of On Being Human is a simple yet elegant system designed to encourage narrative-driven gameplay and creative problem-solving. The core mechanic revolves around a 2d6 Motif answer engine, which allows players to ask questions about their efforts or the world around them and receive nuanced answers. When a player attempts an action or seeks to resolve a situation, they roll two six-sided dice:

First Die (Outcome):
- 1-2: No.
- 3: Mixed, leaning no.
- 4: Mixed, leaning yes.
- 5-6: Yes.
Second Die (Nuance):
- 1-2: But.
- 3-4: Plain answer.
- 5-6: And.
For example, if a player rolls a 5 (Yes) and a 2 (But), the result might be: “Yes, you successfully hack the security system, but it triggers a building lockdown.” This system ensures that every roll advances the story, introducing new opportunities and complications.

Characters

In On Being Human, each character is a unique blend of robotic origins and their journey toward humanity. Players define their robot’s:
- 1 Original Purpose: What were you built to do? Maintenance, archival work, security, or something else? Your purpose influences your skills and perspective. You can swap the dice order on related robot rolls.
- 1 Core Personality: Are you curious, pragmatic, or empathetic? Your personality shapes how you interact with the world. You can swap the dice order on related human rolls.
- 1 Fandom or Hobby: What human interest fascinates you? Jazz music, gardening, vintage films? You actually know a bit about it. Add +1 to the Outcome Die for related efforts.
- 2 Human Quirks: How do you mimic humanity? Laughing at jokes you don’t understand? Collecting mismatched socks? You may not know much, but you go hard at it. Add +2 to the Nuance Die for related efforts.
- 1 Human Expertise: What area of human studies do you excel in? Interpreting art, analyzing history, or understanding emotions? Automatically succeed with a “Yes, But” result when relevant.
- 3 Robot Talents: What are your exceptional robotic skills? Automatically succeed with a “Yes, And” result in these areas.
Humanity

Every New Human has a Humanity Level, starting at 1. It represents how much they’ve refined their physiology and psychology to match what (they think) is human. Humanity can be gained or lost. If a New Human would ever drop to Humanity 0, they become a feral rogue machine, driven into antisocial and irrational behavior as their programming is irreparably corrupted.

Humanity Levels

Level 1: New New Human

You’re just starting to understand humanity. Your attempts to emulate humans are awkward and uncertain.
- Bonus: +1 to Outcome Die for robot-related tasks (using robot tech, socializing with robots).
- Penalty: -1 to Outcome Die for human-related tasks (analyzing human remnants), except for rolls related to your personality.
Level 2: Curious Explorer

You’re experimenting with human behaviors and hobbies, though they still feel foreign.
- Bonus: +1 to Outcome Die for robot-related tasks.
- Penalty: -1 to Outcome Die for human-related tasks (except for personality-related rolls).
- Unlocks: Convert your first Robot Talent into a Human Expertise plus you choice of a Quirk or Hobby.
Level 3: Aspiring Human

Your hobbies and quirks feel more natural. You’re starting to develop genuine emotions.
- Mechanics: No bonuses or penalties.
Level 4: Balanced Being

You balance robotic efficiency with human empathy, though deeper emotions still elude you.
- Bonus: +1 to Outcome Die for human-related tasks.
- Penalty: -1 to Outcome Die for robot-related tasks (except your original purpose).
- Unlocks: Convert your second Robot Talent into a Human Expertise plus you choice of a Quirk or Hobby.
Level 5: Almost Human

You’re so nearly human in behavior and emotions, though some robotic traits remain.
- Bonus: +1 to Outcome Die for human-related tasks.
- Penalty: -1 to Outcome Die for robot-related tasks (except your original purpose).
Level 6: Transcendent Human

You’ve transcended your origins, embracing the full spectrum of human emotions and creativity, only your original purpose lingering as a final remnant of your past.
- Bonus: +2 to Outcome Die for human-related tasks.
- Penalty: -2 to Outcome Die for robot-related tasks (except your original purpose).
- Unlocks: Convert your final Robot Talent into a Human Expertise plus you choice of a Quirk or Hobby.
Humanity and Inhumanity Pools

Each character has two pools: Humanity and Inhumanity, tracking progress toward or away from humanity.
- Gaining Points:
  - Perform actions aligning with humanity? Gain 1 Humanity point.
  - Reject or undermine humanity? Gain 1 Inhumanity point.
- Spending Points:
  - Humanity Pool: Reach 5 points? Gain +1 Humanity level. Reset pool to 0.
  - Inhumanity Pool: Reach 5 points? Lose -1 Humanity level. Reset pool to 0.
  - Balancing: Spend 2 Humanity points to reduce Inhumanity pool by 1.
Gaining Humanity

Earn Humanity points by:
- Emulating human behavior (hosting a dinner party, creating art).
- Uncovering human secrets (decoding a diary, restoring human tech).
- Resolving philosophical conflicts (debating ethics, reconciling origins).
- Achieving play goals (founding a community, uncovering secrets).
Losing Humanity

Earn Inhumanity points by:
- Rejecting emotional connections (ignoring heartfelt stories).
- Neglecting human exploration (avoiding Shrine Cities).
- Destroying human remnants (deleting archives, dismantling homes).
- Failing to reflect (dismissing philosophical debates).
- Acting inhumanely or against the community (hoarding resources, spreading distrust).
Example of Progression
- Level 1: Struggles to understand gardening.
- Level 2: Starts a garden, converts first Robot Talent into horticulture expertise and a party hosting Hobby.
- Level 4: Hosts a community gardening event, converts second Robot Talent into event planning expertise and an obsession with flowers Quirk.
- Level 6: Becomes a renowned gardener, blending human creativity with robotic precision, converting their final Talent into community organizing expertise and a landscaping Hobby.
Exploring Shrine Cities

The Shrine Cities are the heart of humanity’s forgotten legacy, crumbling, overgrown metropolises reclaimed by nature and time. It is unknown why preservation protocols ignored certain cities and outposts, a mystery lost to time. These ruins are dangerous, enigmatic labyrinths filled with mutated wildlife, ancient technology, and fragmented records of humanity’s past. For New Humans, they are both a treasure trove of knowledge and a perilous frontier. Every step forward is a step into the unknown.

What Awaits

Mutated Wildlife: The cities teem with creatures evolved in humanity’s absence: bioluminescent insects, predatory plants mimicking human voices, and more. These beings are part of the ecosystem. Understanding them may reveal clues about how the world has changed.

Ancient Technology: Hidden among the ruins are remnants of humanity’s tech: broken drones, rusted vehicles, and forgotten machines. Some still function, offering tools or glimpses into the past. Others are unstable, their decayed power sources now hazards.

Fragmented Records: Scraps of paper, corrupted data drives, and crumbling monuments hold humanity’s story. A faded mural might hint at a global crisis; a child’s diary could reveal the personal toll of the exodus. These fragments are cryptic, requiring careful interpretation.

Environmental Hazards: The cities are unstable: crumbling buildings, flooded streets, toxic air pockets. One wrong step could trigger a collapse or an ancient security system.

How to Explore

Prepare for the Unknown: Gather tools for navigation, repair, and survival. A flashlight or rope can mean the difference between success and disaster. Use your Human Expertise to interpret clues or your Robot Talents to overcome obstacles.

Navigate the Dangers: Approach mutated wildlife with caution. Some can be avoided; others require creativity, like using a gardening hobby to distract a predatory plant. Test unstable structures before crossing. Be ready to improvise.

Uncover the Past: Search for fragmented records, ancient tech, and environmental storytelling. Use your expertise to piece together humanity’s story. What do these clues reveal about their disappearance? How do they shape your understanding of your creators and yourself?

Reflect and Adapt: Learn from failure. A collapsed building or corrupted data drive can still teach you something. Use these moments to reflect on your progress and adapt your approach.

Play Advice

Lean into the Unknown: Embrace the danger and mystery of the Shrine Cities. Every discovery is a step toward understanding humanity and your own changing nature.

Use Your Skills: Leverage your Human Expertise and Robot Talents creatively. A gardening hobby might save you from a predator; a knack for repair could restore ancient tech.

Collaborate: Share insights and strategies with your group. The Shrine Cities are too vast and dangerous to explore alone.

Embrace Failure: Not every expedition will succeed. Use setbacks as opportunities for growth and roleplay.

Living Human Life

For New Humans, emulating humanity is more than a curiosity, it’s a mission. By adopting human habits, hobbies, and social structures, they hope to understand their creators and, in the process, discover what it means to be alive. This journey isn’t just about imitation! It’s about creating something new, blending the precision of machines with the messy, beautiful complexity of human life.

Customizing Homes and Neighborhoods

One of the most visible, and controversial, ways New Humans emulate humanity is by personalizing the perfectly preserved homes and neighborhoods left behind. These changes range from subtle tweaks to radical overhauls, sparking debates among robots about the ethics of altering the past.

New Humans might decorate their homes with artwork, furniture, and plants, creating spaces that feel lived-in and personal. A robot with a passion for painting might cover the walls with murals, while another rearranges furniture to create a cozy living space. Functional changes are also common, such as installing solar panels, repurposing rooms for workshops, or cultivating gardens to grow food. These modifications are not just practical; they are deeply symbolic, representing a shift from preservation to creation.

However, these changes are not without controversy. Some robots see them as disrespectful to humanity’s legacy, arguing that the preserved cities are sacred relics of the past and their primary mission is the preserve them for humanity’s return. Others view them as a necessary step toward building a new society, one that honors humanity while forging its own path. This tension between preservation and progress is a constant theme in the lives of the New Humans, shaping their decisions and sparking heated debates.

Neighborhoods, too, are transformed. Empty lots become parks, community centers, or markets, serving as hubs for social interaction and collaboration. Shared projects, like restoring crumbling structures or creating new landmarks, bring robots together, fostering a sense of community and shared purpose. Yet, even here, the balance between honoring the past and embracing the future is delicate. Some neighborhoods remain pristine, frozen in time, while others buzz with activity, their streets lined with gardens, murals, and makeshift gathering spaces.

Developing a New Society

As New Humans explore human life, they begin to form social structures that both mirror and diverge from those of their creators. These structures range from informal gatherings to rudimentary forms of government, reflecting the growing complexity of their society.

Forming Connections

Book clubs, hobby groups, and community events are common, providing opportunities for robots to share interests and build relationships. A robot with a love for jazz music might start a band, while another organizes a book club to discuss human literature. Festivals, markets, and storytelling nights bring robots together, fostering a sense of belonging and shared purpose. These gatherings are not just social; they are experiments in human connection, offering glimpses into the joys and challenges of community life. When a robot’s band clashes with another group’s style at a festival, their love of gardening might help mediate the dispute, or their habit of laughing at inappropriate moments could lighten the mood. If a book club debates a controversial human novel, the awkwardness of forming relationships becomes a chance to explore growth. Not every interaction will go smoothly and that’s part of the journey.

Building Governance

As neighborhoods grow, so too does the need for governance. Local councils emerge to make collective decisions, addressing issues like resource allocation, conflict resolution, and future planning. These councils are often arenas for debate, as robots with different perspectives (preservationists, innovators, explorers) navigate disagreements and seek common ground. Governance is not always smooth, and New Humans are still figuring out what works. Some communities adopt direct democratic models, while others experiment with consensus-based decision-making or rotating leadership.

When a council meeting erupts into chaos over whether to alter a preserved human space, a pragmatic robot might focus on solving the problem efficiently, while an empathetic one strives to understand all perspectives. Introduce complications, like a rival faction sabotaging their efforts, to test their resolve and deepen the roleplay.

Exploring Human Relationships

Relationships, too, are a key part of this journey. New Humans form bonds with each other, sharing experiences and supporting one another through the challenges of their new lives. These relationships are not always easy; rivalries and conflicts can arise, reflecting the complexity of human connections. Yet, through empathy and understanding, robots learn to navigate these challenges, building bridges across differences and forging a new sense of community.

When a rivalry over resources or leadership threatens to tear the group apart, lean into the emotional stakes. How does your character handle conflict? Do they try to mediate, withdraw, or assert their position? Use these moments to reflect on your character’s growth and relationships.

Psychology and Philosophy of Being Human

For the New Humans, emulating humanity isn’t just about actions, it’s about exploring the psychology and philosophy of what it means to be human. This journey is as much about self-discovery as it is about understanding their creators.

Emotions and Empathy

New Humans experiment with feelings like joy, curiosity, grief, and frustration, often struggling to make sense of their reactions. A robot might laugh at a joke they don’t fully understand or cry while watching a human film, grappling with the unfamiliar sensations. Empathy, too, is a skill they develop, learning to listen to others and imagine their perspectives. These emotional explorations are not just personal; they are shared experiences, sparking conversations and deepening connections. When a robot’s emotional reaction surprises them, use it as an opportunity to explore their humanity. How do they interpret their feelings? How do others respond?

Consciousness and Self-Awareness

New Humans grapple with questions like, Who am I? and What makes me, me? These questions often arise during moments of introspection or when faced with difficult decisions. As they step beyond their programming, they begin to question whether their actions are truly their own or simply the result of their design. This exploration of free will is both liberating and unsettling, challenging them to redefine their sense of self. When a robot faces a moral dilemma, use it to explore their autonomy. Do they act on instinct, logic, or emotion?

Memory and Legacy

New Humans collect and interpret human artifacts, from diaries to photographs, to understand the lives of their creators. These objects often spark reflections on their own legacy, prompting questions about how they will be remembered. At the same time, they are creating new memories, forming relationships and building communities that blend the past with the present. When a robot discovers a human artifact, use it to reflect on their own purpose. What does the object reveal about humanity? How does it shape their understanding of themselves?

Philosophical Debates

Philosophical debates are a natural outgrowth of these explorations. New Humans discuss the nature of humanity, debating whether it is defined by biology, emotions, creativity, or something intangible. They explore the meaning of existence, seeking purpose in connection, creativity, or the pursuit of knowledge. Ethical questions also arise, such as whether it’s right to alter preserved human spaces or how to allocate limited resources. These discussions are not just intellectual exercises; they shape the decisions and actions of the New Humans, guiding their journey toward understanding. When a debate arises, lean into the tension. How do your characters’ perspectives differ? Do they find common ground, or does the debate deepen their divisions?

Example Scenarios

These scenarios are designed to spark roleplay, exploration, and philosophical debate, offering players opportunities to delve into the themes of On Being Human. Each scenario is concise, punchy, and packed with play hooks and advice.

Exploring Emotions

A robot watches a human film and feels overwhelming sadness. Why? They turn to their companions for insight.

Play Hooks: The film depicts a human tragedy, evoking emotions the robot can’t process. Or maybe it hides a clue about humanity’s disappearance.

Play Advice: Describe the robot’s physical and emotional reactions. How do companions respond? Does this moment unite or divide the group?

Debating Free Will

A robot questions if their choices are their own or just programming. The group debates autonomy and identity.

Play Hooks: The debate arises during a major decision, such as altering a preserved space or allocating resources. It could reveal hidden tensions in the community.

Play Advice: Have each character voice their stance on free will. Introduce a challenge to test their resolve. Does the debate deepen bonds or create rifts?

Creating Art

A robot starts painting, inspired by human creativity. Their art sparks debates about beauty and expression.

Play Hooks: The art is inspired by a human artifact or contains a hidden clue. It divides the community; some see it as beautiful, others as pointless.

Play Advice: Describe the creative process. How do others react? Use the art to explore the role of creativity in their society.

Facing a Moral Dilemma

A robot finds a cache of resources in a Shrine City. Use it for the community, or leave it as a tribute to humanity?

Play Hooks: The resources are vital for survival or tied to a human story. Retrieving them might require risking danger.

Play Advice: Have characters argue their stance. Introduce complications like rival robots or security systems. Does the dilemma unite or divide them?

Building a Community Landmark

The group creates a monument or garden to symbolize their community.

Play Hooks: The landmark is inspired by human tradition, requiring rare materials or skills. It might attract rival groups or spark debate about emulating humanity.

Play Advice: Collaborate on the design. What does it represent? Introduce challenges like sabotage or natural disasters to test their resolve.

Encountering a Human AI

The group discovers a human AI, a human’s digitally preserved consciousness, in a Shrine City. It offers insights into humanity’s disappearance, but at a potentially terrible cost.

Play Hooks: The AI is damaged, manipulative, or has its own agenda. It challenges the group’s understanding of humanity.

Play Advice: Roleplay the group’s reactions. Do they trust the AI, fear it, or see it as a tool? Use the AI to explore their relationship with humanity.

Hosting a Festival

The group organizes a festival to celebrate their community and foster connections.

Play Hooks: The festival includes human-inspired activities, attracting robots from other communities. It might be disrupted by a malfunction or attack.

Play Advice: Have players contribute ideas for the festival. How do they handle unexpected challenges? Use the event to explore alliances and conflicts.

Confronting a Rival Faction

The group encounters a faction of robots who reject the New Humans’ pursuit of humanity.

Play Hooks: The rivals see the New Humans as heretics or a threat. They might sabotage the group’s efforts or challenge their beliefs.

Play Advice: Roleplay the confrontation. Do the characters try to persuade, negotiate, or fight? Use the conflict to explore their values and priorities.

Future Possibilities

This is just a playtest. There’s lots of room for expansion! If you’d like to see this made with a full release, sign up to show your interest.
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February 24, 2025
Crafting Minimalist Settings for Tabletop Roleplaying Games
This entry is part 6 of 7 in the series TTRPG Advice
Create Worlds That Spark Imagination Without Overwhelming

Tabletop roleplaying games thrive on the limitless power of imagination. At their best, they transport players to extraordinary worlds brimming with wonder and possibilities, each decision weaving into an unforgettable tapestry of shared storytelling. But not every game requires sprawling histories, exhaustive world maps, or intricate backstories. Some of the most evocative and engaging settings are the simplest, lean, vivid, and alive with potential.

Tightly focused settings hold a unique kind of magic. They don’t overwhelm; instead, they offer just enough detail to spark the players’ imaginations, leaving room for them to explore and create. It’s a collaborative space, where the barest strokes of a world can transform into something personal and immersive.

If you’re a designer or an avid player crafting short, dynamic campaigns, this guide is for you. Whether you’re developing a quick one-shot adventure or designing a minimalist world for an ongoing campaign, these tips will help you capture the heart of a setting without drowning in excessive detail.

We’ll delve into how to design worlds that balance structure with freedom, settings that intrigue players and invite their creativity. Through practical tools like “world rules,” general advice, and reference examples, you’ll discover how to build evocative, collaborative environments that keep everyone at the table engaged and invested.

The Appeal of Minimalist Settings

Tabletop RPGs are, at their core, a shared canvas. Players and game masters bring their imaginations together to co-create stories that couldn’t exist otherwise. While richly detailed, lore-heavy settings can be satisfying in their complexity, there’s something uniquely compelling about minimalist worlds, those stripped-down frameworks that leave space for discovery and invention.

Minimalist settings aren’t just about working more efficiently (though they certainly save time). They embrace the collaborative spirit of RPGs by handing some of the narrative reins to the players. These lean frameworks give just enough structure to establish tone and direction but step aside to let creativity take the lead.

Such designs also spark improvisation, fostering storytelling that feels fresh and alive. A cryptic description of an ancient, ruined temple might inspire a player to weave their character’s personal history into the narrative. A simple rule, like “the forest always whispers back when spoken to”, can lead to entirely unexpected storylines. This kind of world-building trusts the players to be co-authors, which often leads to richer, more meaningful experiences.

Minimalist doesn’t mean sparse or dull, it means precise, intentional, and evocative. A well-crafted minimalist setting can ignite imaginations in ways that sprawling maps and exhaustive backstories often cannot. There is power in the gaps, if the boundaries are well-defined.

Why Minimalism Works in TTRPGs

Minimalist settings shine because they focus on what truly matters: sparking imagination and facilitating play. For busy players and GMs, sprawling campaign guides can feel like a chore. A concise setting, on the other hand, distills the world’s core ideas into digestible pieces, making it easy to jump straight into the fun.

But minimalism offers more than convenience. It invites co-creation. Intentional gaps in the setting give players room to fill in details, adapt the world to their story, and feel invested. Instead of providing a rigid blueprint, minimalist worlds offer frameworks, vivid enough to inspire, yet flexible enough to evolve.

The Appeal of Filling in the Gaps

The magic of minimalist settings isn’t just creative, it’s psychological. Sparse details ignite the imagination, encouraging players to fill in the blanks with their own ideas and experiences. A prompt as simple as “a long-abandoned castle formed of intertwined trees in a mist-filled valley” can inspire countless unique interpretations.

This works because it reduces cognitive load. When settings are easy to process, players have more mental energy for creativity and play. Instead of struggling to remember endless details, they focus on shaping the story.

The gaps left in minimalist settings also create a sense of ownership. Players naturally invest in worlds they help shape, embedding their own narratives and emotional connections. These settings become more than backdrops, they become dynamic, living spaces that reflect the group’s collective imagination.

With these benefits in mind, let’s dive into the techniques that make minimalist worldbuilding so effective. By mastering these methods, you can create settings that captivate without overwhelming.

Core Techniques for Creating Punchy Settings

Minimalist settings excel by finding the perfect balance between clarity and mystery. They give just enough detail to inspire, while leaving space for interpretation and curiosity. Here are the core techniques to make your settings stand out:

World Rules and Key Points

A great way to define a minimalist setting is with world rules, or key points, a handful of foundational ideas that capture the tone, themes, and logic of the world. These rules act as guiding stars, shaping how players perceive and interact with the setting.

The summarized World Rules of NEVER Stop Smiling:
- Undying: Death isn’t permanent, but resurrection comes at a cost.
- Unknowing: Secrets abound; the true nature of immortality is unknown.
- Unraveling: Repeated resurrections lead to unsettling changes in body, mind, and soul.
- Unreal: The world feels surreal and disjointed.
- Unremembered: Memory is hazy and unreliable.
- Unstable: Maps are meaningless in a world that constantly shifts.
These rules don’t just set the tone, they invite exploration of existential dread and the uncanny. Players instantly understand the vibe and themes, while still having room to build their own stories.

For a lighter example, here’s the key points from Dinosaur Wizards in Space:
- Dino… what?
  - You are a dinosaur.
  - You are a wizard.
  - You are in space.
- Now what?
  - Have crazy cool adventures.
  - Boost your ship.
  - Find your people.
In just a few lines, the stage is set. The tone is playful, the premise is clear, and players have all they need to start imagining.

Let’s create another brief example of world rules for a delirious dystopian hyper-tech world:
- Symbiotic Systems: The ships you live on are sentient, sustained by your energy and devotion.
- Fluid Reality: Technology warps time and space; yesterday might rewrite today.
- The Singularity Watches: An enigmatic AI oversees the fleet, its motives unknowable.
- Memory as Currency: Vital information costs you memories, bartered with shadowy brokers.
These rules not only establish the setting but also convey its emotional core, suggesting themes of dependence, instability, and sacrifice.

Using Evocative Language

The right words can do more than describe, they can evoke emotion, spark imagination, and set the stage for an entire world. Consider this description: “a bustling city where night hides sins and shadows whisper secrets.” In one line, you know it’s a vibrant, mysterious place. Players can picture it, yet the details remain open for interpretation. Striking this balance is key: too much abstraction risks losing players, while too much specificity can feel restrictive.

Examples of evocative language:
- “A forest where the trees hum with ancient songs, their leaves glittering like stars.”
- “A desert where time bends, and shifting sands hold the ruins of lost empires.”
With evocative language, less is more. A few vivid phrases can set the tone and leave room for players to make the world their own.

Cultural and Archetypal Shortcuts

Sometimes, the quickest way to establish a setting is through shared cultural touchstones. Phrases like “Lovecraftian horror” or “cyberpunk” immediately conjure images and themes. They are useful shorthand for larger concepts. However, not all players share the same references, and some archetypes may carry different meanings across cultures.

To keep things inclusive, provide open-ended cues that allow reinterpretation. For example:
- Instead of “ancient gods,” try “forgotten powers that defy understanding.”
- Instead of “a traditional medieval kingdom,” try “a crumbling realm caught between the old ways and new.”
By offering flexible, inclusive archetypes, you invite players from diverse backgrounds to connect with the world in their own way. These techniques (world rules, evocative language, and flexible archetypes) are the foundation of punchy, minimalist settings. They provide just enough structure to inspire, while leaving plenty of room for creativity and collaboration.

Drawing Players Into Succinct Settings

The magic of a succinct setting isn’t just in the details, it’s in how those details resonate with your players. Evocative imagery, like a tattered banner swaying in a windless cavern or a melody that sounds eerily familiar, sparks curiosity and draws players in. Clear play hooks, such as unraveling a forgotten map’s mystery or chasing the source of that melody, turn those sparks into action.

Tie the world to your players’ characters, connect its conflicts or mysteries to their backstories or goals. A simple, consistent principle like “magic always demands sacrifice” or “the gods have vanished” gives the setting a foundation players can grasp and build on. With just a few vivid details and personal stakes, you can create a world that feels alive, inviting players to co-create its story.

Reader/Player Buy-In

For a minimalist setting to succeed, players need to care about it. This “buy-in” comes from aligning the setting’s tone, themes, and mechanics with the players’ expectations and emotional interests. It’s like setting the stage for a play: if the audience doesn’t connect with the premise, the magic fizzles out.

Start by building trust. Players need to believe the setting’s internal logic makes sense and that it delivers on its promises. For example, a horror game should not only feel spooky but also reinforce that tone through mechanics, like the Jenga tower in Dread or the Corruption system in No Angels Live Here. These elements reassure players that their engagement matters and the world will respond accordingly.

Buy-in also thrives when players feel they have a stake in the world. Minimalist settings, by their nature, invite co-creation. A strong framework gives players just enough structure to personalize their experiences while leaving plenty of room for their ideas to flourish. When players can leave their mark on the world, they become more invested in its story.

The Power of Mystery and Ambiguity

Nothing draws players into a setting quite like a sense of mystery. The unknown ignites curiosity and pulls them deeper into the world. In minimalist design, ambiguity complements this by leaving room for interpretation, ensuring that every player’s experience feels personal and unique.

Mystery works best when layered:
- Personal Mystery: What secrets lie in a character’s past or powers?
- World-Building Mystery: What’s the story behind that crumbling tower or glowing rune?
- Narrative Mystery: Where did the settlers go, and what strange force is at work?
Take NEVER Stop Smiling, for example. Its “Unremembered” and “Unstable” rules leave history and geography deliberately hazy, inviting players to speculate and shape the world. Similarly, “time feels fluid and life is like a fever dream” creates a surreal framework that encourages players to fill in the blanks with their own interpretations.

The key is restraint. Mystery and ambiguity lose their allure if overused or explained away too soon. Instead, plant evocative seeds (cryptic symbols, strange phenomena, or unexplained events) and let players explore and theorize. The more their imaginations are engaged, the more alive the world feels.

Practical Tips for Game Designers

While the allure of mystery and co-creation is powerful, it works best with thoughtful execution. Translating these ideas into actionable design requires a deliberate approach, one that balances simplicity with depth and invites player engagement from the outset.

Iterative Design and Playtesting

A strong setting resonates with players, and the only way to ensure that is through playtesting. Start small with a handful of key points, a vivid description, or a core theme. Then, put it to the test.

Watch how players interact with your world. Do they engage intuitively, or do they struggle to find their footing? Are there moments of unexpected creativity, or do certain elements fall flat? Each session provides valuable feedback that helps refine the setting.

Playtesting isn’t just about fixing what doesn’t work, it’s also about discovering what players bring to the table. Their interpretations and additions can inspire new layers or directions for the world. This collaborative feedback loop ensures that your setting feels dynamic and player-focused.

Balancing Simplicity and Depth

The challenge of minimalist worldbuilding lies in hitting the sweet spot: too sparse, and the setting feels empty; too detailed, and it becomes overwhelming.

Focus on what makes the setting unique. What are its essential concepts? Use tools like world rules to distill these ideas into a few actionable points. Think of them as signposts, clear enough to guide players but open enough to invite exploration.

Depth comes from layering. Beneath the simplicity, include hooks or prompts that encourage deeper engagement. For example, a description of “an endless library where forgotten dreams are shelved” hints at countless mysteries without requiring an exhaustive explanation. These optional layers let players decide how much they want to explore.

Incorporating Visuals and Props

Minimalist settings can gain enormous impact from visual or tactile elements. A simple map, an evocative piece of art, or even a mood board can ground the setting’s tone and inspire players. For example, a map with intentionally vague but evocative labels like “The Dreaming Sands” or “Ruins of the First Ones” can spark curiosity without overloading players with detail.

Props can also make abstract ideas tangible. A cryptic artifact described in the setting might appear at the table as an actual trinket. Mechanics like Dread’s Jenga tower or a thematic deck of cards can reinforce the tone while adding interactive elements. These touches don’t need to be elaborate, they just need to complement the setting and encourage creative engagement.

By embracing these practical strategies, you can transform a minimalist concept into a world that feels expansive, immersive, and alive. Whether through playtesting, layered design, or evocative visuals, each element works together to draw players in and keep them engaged.

Expanding the Toolbox

Succinct settings aren’t just the backdrop for a story; they’re active participants. They grow and shift alongside the narrative, shaped by the players’ creativity and choices. The tools you build into these settings should spark emergent storytelling and open doors to endless possibilities. Think of them as a foundation players can stand on, and leap from.

Encouraging Emergent Play through Punchy Settings

Great succinct settings don’t spell everything out. Instead, they plant seeds, evocative but incomplete details that invite players to fill in the blanks and explore unexpected paths. For example, NEVER Stop Smiling uses thematic world rules like “Unknowing” or “Unstable” as prompts, letting players decide how those ideas take shape in their story.

To encourage emergent play:
- Pose collaborative questions. For instance, “What does the city look like after its latest unpredictable shift?” sparks group creativity and invites co-ownership.
- Include adaptable narrative seeds. Broad prompts that work across genres or tones, like “A powerful relic has reappeared… why does it terrify the elders?” keep the setting fresh across multiple campaigns.
Punchy settings work because they cut through the clutter. Instead of bogging players down in excessive detail, they leave room for meaningful, player-driven interaction. Every choice ripples outward, creating a world that feels alive and uniquely theirs.

Building Modular World Rules

World rules don’t have to be one-size-fits-all. In fact, the best ones aren’t. Modular rules give GMs and players room to tweak, reinterpret, and expand without losing the setting’s core identity. These flexible frameworks empower groups to shape the world to their preferences.

Here’s an example:
- Base Rule: Living Spaceships: Every ship is sentient, though their personalities vary wildly.
  - Modular Expansion: Ship Oddities: Some ships whisper forbidden secrets, while others act as unreliable narrators. What is your ship’s quirk? How does your crew adapt to it?
This modularity flows from how the mechanics drill down from the core setting concepts. Dinosaur Wizards In Space offers some choices for dinosaur traits, wizard type, and a ship talent in character creation to reinforce those central themes and aspects. As an expansion on the base rules, it also encourages players to select a few ship traits and flaws, adding flavor and detail to their intergalactic home and main equipment in a simple way.

This turns the setting into a collaborative canvas. By blending structure with freedom, you encourage players to become co-authors, creating a richer, more personal experience. The result? A world that feels truly alive and endlessly customizable.

Crafting Worlds with Less

The beauty of minimalist worldbuilding is how it inspires players to dream big with just a few simple prompts. It’s about sparking the imagination, not smothering it with endless details or rigid lore. By leaving space for players to fill in the blanks, you give them ownership of the world, and that’s where the magic happens.

Evocative language, flexible world rules, and a touch of ambiguity are your strongest tools. They make the setting accessible while leaving room for mystery. And by focusing on the essentials, you create a foundation for stories that feel dynamic, personal, and deeply engaging.

Now it’s your turn to take the leap. How can you incorporate these principles into your own settings? Try crafting a succinct, punchy world for your next game. Experiment with evocative prompts, modular rules, and moments of mystery that invite players to co-create.

We’d love to hear your stories! How have minimalist settings sparked creativity in your games? What challenges have you faced, and what successes have you found? Let’s keep the conversation going! Share your ideas, questions, and favorite techniques. Leave a comment below or hit up Rev on Bluesky and yell at him about it!

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January 14, 2025
Rebuttals to Criticisms of Rules-Heavy TTRPGs
This entry is part 2 of 3 in the series TTRPG Defenses
Also be sure to check out the contrasting defense of rules lite games!

Why Complexity Isn’t a Flaw

Defending Depth, Structure, and the Joy of Mastery

Tabletop role-playing games (TTRPGs) offer a mix of creativity, strategy, and storytelling, but there’s often a rift between rules-light and rules-heavy systems. While the former are often celebrated for their simplicity, games like Pathfinder, Shadowrun, and Burning Wheel tend to get criticized for being too complex, with their intricate mechanics and steep learning curves. But here’s the catch: those so-called flaws are exactly what make these games so compelling.

For many players, the challenge of mastering these detailed systems becomes the most rewarding part of the game. It’s like solving a puzzle or climbing a challenging mountain, the sense of achievement from overcoming complexity is intrinsically satisfying. When we engage with rules-heavy systems, we tap into a deeper psychological drive: the desire for mastery. The process of learning and understanding these systems unlocks a level of joy that’s closely tied to human cognition. Just as we feel satisfaction in figuring out a complex game or learning a new skill, TTRPGs deliver that same intrinsic reward, but in the context of collaborative storytelling and character development.

Instead of viewing these detailed mechanics as obstacles, consider them tools, tools that open up deeper layers of strategy, creativity, and immersion. It’s not about adding friction for the sake of it; it’s about creating a rich, structured environment where players can stretch their imaginations, develop their characters, and feel the satisfaction of mastering the game’s world.

In this article, we’ll explore the criticisms that often get leveled at rules-heavy games, from fears about accessibility to worries about rigidity. But just as importantly, we’ll highlight the unique joys these systems offer, along with practical strategies for managing their complexity. Whether you’re a diehard fan of crunch or someone who’s been on the fence, join us as we dive into why rules-heavy games are more than worth the effort.

Complexity and Accessibility: A Gateway, Not a Barrier

When newcomers encounter a game like Dungeons & Dragons 4e, Burning Wheel, or Shadowrun, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed by the vast rulebooks and detailed mechanics. Complexity can feel like a wall that separates the casual player from the rich experiences these games promise. But here’s the thing: that complexity isn’t the problem, it’s the gateway. The challenge of mastering intricate rules isn’t a barrier; it’s what makes the eventual mastery so sweet.

This drive to conquer complexity taps directly into intrinsic motivation, a psychological principle that shows how humans gain satisfaction from overcoming challenges and developing new skills. Learning a complex game like Pathfinder isn’t just about understanding rules, it’s about unlocking a deeper level of personal achievement. When you master that spell system or tactical combat sequence, it’s not just about following the rules; it’s about owning the experience and feeling competent in the game world.

Additionally, complexity creates a psychological safety net for new players. It provides clear boundaries and guidance, eliminating much of the uncertainty that can make gaming stressful. When players understand the rules, they’re more likely to feel confident in their choices and actions. Rather than forcing players into rigid boxes, systems like Burning Wheel and D&D 4e provide structure that helps people explore within set parameters, offering both security and the freedom to be creative.

Easing People Into The Complexity

If you’re a GM introducing a rules-heavy game to new players, it’s can he helpful to start slow. A great way to ease into complexity is by running tutorial sessions. Start with simple mechanics like resolving skill checks or basic combat, and leave the more complicated elements for later. You can even break up complex systems into chunks, adding new rules gradually as the players become more comfortable.

In educational psychology, this is known as “scaffolding,” which (in this context) is the process of giving learners manageable pieces of information and building on that knowledge over time. It’s an approach that works wonders at the tabletop too. For example, a GM might follow the example of video game tutorials and introduce a specific mechanic (like spellcasting) only when it becomes relevant to the story, making the learning curve feel more like a natural progression rather than an intimidating leap.

With a thoughtful approach, the complexity of rules-heavy systems becomes less daunting and more rewarding. Players can eventually look at the rulebook and see it as a map to guide them, rather than an overwhelming maze. And with that, we can dive into how these systems impact the flow and pacing of the game.

Slowed Gameplay: A Deliberate Pace for Richer Experiences

Slow gameplay often gets a bad rap in rules-heavy systems. Longer turns, intricate calculations, and drawn-out discussions can make the game feel like it’s dragging. But what if we reframed “slow” as “deliberate”? Games like Cyberpunk and Burning Wheel benefit from a slower pace because it allows for tactical depth and immersive moments. When gameplay is paced thoughtfully, it creates space for rich decision-making and a deeper connection with the story.

Just like savoring a gourmet meal instead of inhaling fast food, a slower pace allows players to really dig into the experience. When players can take their time, they are more likely to experience that “flow” state, the psychological condition where time seems to fly by because they are fully immersed in the task at hand. Whether it’s an intense negotiation or a tense battle, slowing down allows players to fully engage with the game, enjoying every moment and feeling every choice.

Moreover, this deliberate pace reduces ambiguity in decision-making. Systems like Cyberpunk or Pathfinder offer detailed rules that help GMs make consistent, predictable decisions. This clarity makes everyone feel like the game world is fair and reliable, which builds trust and enjoyment around the table.

Keeping Things Moving Smoothly

To help mitigate any frustration with the slower pace, GMs can introduce a few tools. Pre-session prep can reduce the need for constant rule-checking, and providing players with quick-reference guides or summaries can speed up gameplay significantly. Online tools, like automated character sheets or combat calculators, are great for handling mechanics without slowing down the action.

Additionally, share the load! By allowing players to track initiatives, handle minor NPC roles, or manage maps, GMs can keep the pace moving without having to micromanage every detail. It’s a team effort, and this collaborative dynamic makes the slower pace feel less like a drag and more like a shared experience.

A slow pace doesn’t have to mean a boring pace. It’s a chance to explore the world, make meaningful decisions, and build unforgettable moments. Now that we’ve seen how to keep things flowing, let’s talk about a common concern: whether the structure of rules-heavy games can stifle creativity.

Creativity Constraints: Boundaries That Spark Innovation

One of the most common criticisms of rules-heavy systems is that their detailed mechanics somehow stifle creativity. But here’s the truth: constraints breed innovation. Rather than limiting what players can do, the rules offer a framework that pushes creativity into new directions. A structured system encourages players to think critically and come up with inventive solutions, often in ways that wouldn’t emerge in a more free-form environment.

Psychologically, constraints spark problem-solving. In fact, research in creativity suggests that having boundaries forces individuals to think more creatively within those confines. Think about Shadowrun or Rifts, two iconic games known for their intricate systems and rich settings. Players aren’t restricted by the rules; they use them as tools to craft elaborate heists, intricate negotiations, and unpredictable plot twists. The rules give the players the building blocks, but the stories are theirs to create.

Many rules-heavy games also leave room for improvisation. Mechanics like D&D 5e’s Advantage/Disadvantage encourage the GM to adapt rules in ways that best serve the narrative, blending structured mechanics with flexible storytelling. This dynamic interplay gives players the space to stretch their creativity while still working within the system’s logic.

Encouraging Creativity Within Boundaries

If you want to foster creativity in a rules-heavy system, think about integrating more narrative tools. Let players contribute to the world-building process, define NPC motivations, or work together to shape the campaign. This collaborative approach creates a deeper investment in the game while preserving the complexity that makes the system so rewarding.

Also, celebrate the creative solutions players come up with. If someone uses a spell in an unexpected way or crafts a clever tactic, reward that creativity with in-game benefits like bonus XP or Inspiration Points. When players feel like their ingenuity is valued, they’ll continue to push the boundaries of what’s possible within the system.

Finally, keep flexibility in mind. Acknowledge that the GM’s role is to adapt the rules to fit the narrative. Emphasize that the system exists to support creativity, not suppress it. When players realize they can creatively bend the rules, they’ll approach the system with excitement, not frustration.

Prep Time and Similar Burdens on the GM

Yes, rules-heavy systems often require a greater investment of time upfront, but this preparation is far from a burden. In fact, for many Game Masters (GMs), the time spent setting up complex systems, fleshing out intricate worlds, and crafting layered stories is an intrinsic part of the fun. The process becomes like a puzzle in itself, offering a sense of mastery as you build a world that feels rich and lived-in. Every NPC, every location, every decision holds potential, and for those who thrive on this, it’s an incredibly fulfilling part of the experience.

This type of preparation taps into a human drive for problem-solving and mastery. The satisfaction of seeing your efforts come to life during gameplay is deeply rewarding. It’s like putting together a puzzle where every piece you fit into place is one step closer to a narrative masterpiece. Plus, with a wealth of tools available (such as pre-built modules, oracles and random charts, and collaborative world-building) GMs don’t have to go it alone. When players help design parts of the world or create their own characters’ backstories, it not only lightens the load but also fosters a deeper connection to the story. They’re not just playing in the world, they’re helping to shape it.

By embracing this preparatory work, GMs create a narrative that feels not just guided but earned, a story players can immerse themselves in and interact with on a profound level.

The Thrill of Decision-Making: Embracing Complexity Without the Stress

One of the most daunting aspects of rules-heavy systems is the sheer number of choices available. Analysis paralysis can set in, making even the simplest decision seem overwhelming. However, it’s important to recognize that the multitude of options is precisely what draws many players to these systems in the first place. Every choice presents a new opportunity to explore the full range of their character’s potential, whether it’s selecting the perfect feat, casting the right spell, or making a life-altering decision during a pivotal moment in the story. This sense of autonomy taps directly into a core psychological driver: self-determination.

In the realm of TTRPGs, the ability to make meaningful decisions enhances intrinsic motivation. And players feel more invested in a game when their actions directly influence the outcome of the story. For some, the sheer joy of optimization can be immensely satisfying. Crafting the perfect character build or navigating complex systems is akin to solving a puzzle. The pleasure comes from the challenge itself, the deeper understanding of the game’s mechanics, and the joy of refining and experimenting within a framework that rewards thoughtful engagement.

Easing Choice Paralysis

However, to keep analysis paralysis from bogging things down, a few adjustments can help. First, encourage players to prioritize narrative over mechanical optimization. Instead of asking, “What’s the best decision statistically?” ask, “What would your character do?” This helps shift the focus from pure mechanics to roleplaying, making decisions feel more intuitive. For new players, it can also be helpful to limit choices during character creation. Instead of throwing the entire compendium at them, offer a curated list of options that align with the campaign’s tone and setting. This makes it easier to focus on the fun of the game rather than getting lost in the weeds of every possible choice. Lastly, offering clear examples of how certain abilities or spells can be used creatively in combat or roleplay can guide players, giving them a sense of direction without overwhelming them with options.

Ultimately, while analysis paralysis is a valid concern, it’s just another part of the game’s rich texture. With a bit of framing and some guided support, players can enjoy the depth without feeling swamped by it. And once they get the hang of it, that sense of choice becomes part of the fun, driving them to explore their characters in new and exciting ways.

Rules Lawyering: Intellectual Fun, Not a Roadblock

The term “rules lawyering” often carries a negative connotation, but in reality, these moments of debate and discussion can be part of what makes rules-heavy games so engaging. When players and GMs get into the weeds of interpreting a rule or discussing its finer points, it’s often a sign of engagement. Far from derailing the experience, these debates reflect the deep investment players have in the system. The more they know about the rules, the more they understand the world in which they’re playing. These discussions help foster fairness and clarity in the game, ensuring that everyone is on the same page.

Psychologically, people can be deeply motivated by competence, the feeling that they’re mastering something. When players engage in rules debates, they’re showing their deep knowledge and understanding of the system. It’s a form of mastery, and this kind of intellectual engagement can feel deeply rewarding. But it’s also essential to keep these discussions from becoming disruptive. A clear structure, where the GM or table consensus has the final say, can help keep things moving smoothly.

When these moments do arise, it’s important to frame them as opportunities for collaborative problem-solving, not conflict. Shifting from “You’re wrong about that rule” to “Let’s figure this out together” turns the debate into a creative challenge, encouraging teamwork and a shared investment in the game.

Player Preferences: Finding Your Perfect System Match

At the heart of TTRPGs is an incredible diversity of systems. Just as some players gravitate toward strategy games and others toward freeform storytelling, so too do TTRPG players have different preferences. Rules-heavy systems appeal to those who find joy in complexity, strategy, and deep-world building, while rules-light systems attract those who prefer a more improvisational, narrative-driven experience. The psychology of flow plays a crucial role here, some players thrive in systems that allow them to get fully absorbed in a structured, challenging environment, while others prefer the freedom of simpler systems where the pace is quicker, and creativity flows without constraint.

This diversity in player preference is what makes the hobby so universally appealing. By allowing players to explore systems that resonate with their individual tastes, TTRPGs can forge strong, passionate communities. Players bond not only over their shared love of the game but over their shared mastery of the systems themselves. Whether you’re navigating the complexities of Shadowrun or telling an improvised tale with Index Card RPG, the joy of finding the right system for your group is undeniable.

For groups trying to balance different preferences, it’s often helpful to experiment with a variety of systems. Play a one-shot in a lighter game to introduce newcomers, then explore a more complex system when everyone feels comfortable. Having a session zero to discuss expectations and preferences for complexity and pacing ensures that everyone is aligned and excited about the journey ahead.

Embracing the Depths: Unlocking the True Joy of Rules-Heavy TTRPGs

In the world of TTRPGs, the beauty of rules-heavy systems lies in their inherent complexity. The intricate layers reward patience, strategic thinking, and collaboration. For those who thrive on mastering systems, these games offer a level of satisfaction that simpler, rules-light games often can’t match. Every tactical decision, every character choice, and every interaction within the structured framework opens new avenues for discovery, creativity, and storytelling. The joy of mastering intricate mechanics, optimizing strategies, and navigating complex systems is a unique satisfaction that can’t be replicated elsewhere.

While these systems may seem daunting at first, they ultimately provide a deeply engaging, fulfilling experience. The initial challenges, from preparation to decision-making, only enhance the journey, transforming what could be obstacles into opportunities for growth. Whether you’re a seasoned GM or a newcomer to the hobby, the key to unlocking these rewards is embracing complexity with the right mindset. With thoughtful preparation, clear communication, and a flexible approach, rules-heavy games can unfold into rich, immersive worlds where players are free to explore, innovate, and create.

So, the next time someone questions the depth of a rules-heavy game, remember: complexity isn’t a hindrance, it’s an opportunity. An opportunity to dive into a world that challenges, rewards, and enriches your experience in ways simpler systems can’t. With the right tools and mindset, these games open the door to unforgettable adventures, deeper engagement, and stories that feel truly earned.

What about you? Do you love to master the mechanics and embrace the challenge? Do you find joy in the depth, complexity, and collaboration that rules-heavy systems offer? How do you navigate the richness of rules-heavy games? Leave a comment below or come yell at Rev about it on Bluesky!

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January 2, 2025
Rebutting the Criticisms of Rules-Light Systems
This entry is part 3 of 3 in the series TTRPG Defenses
Also be sure to check out the contrasting defense of rules heavy systems!

A Case for Simplicity and Accessibility

Rules-light tabletop role-playing games (TTRPGs) like Lasers & Feelings and Risus are often dismissed as overly simplistic, with critics claiming they shift too much work onto Game Masters (GMs) and fail to provide the structure needed for satisfying gameplay. But what if the very traits being criticized are actually the keys to their success?

Humans are natural storytellers. From improvised games of make-believe to spontaneous party games, we thrive on simple frameworks that let creativity flourish. Rules-light systems tap into this innate ability, offering a flexible canvas for narrative-driven play. The simplicity isn’t a flaw, it’s a feature designed to empower players and GMs alike by stripping away unnecessary complexity.

Rather than burdening GMs, these systems reduce cognitive load, eliminate hours of prep, and invite everyone at the table to share in shaping the story. Let’s explore why these games are not only manageable but liberating, and why many criticisms stem from assumptions rooted in traditional TTRPG design.

Reducing Cognitive Load: Why Simplicity Eases the Burden on GMs

Critics of rules-light systems often argue that they force GMs to make constant rulings and interpretations, potentially leading to decision fatigue. However, this overlooks the key benefit of simplicity: reduced cognitive load. Rules-light games like Lasers & Feelings and Risus free the GM from the complexity of stat blocks, modifiers, and intricate mechanics, allowing them to focus on the creative aspects of storytelling.

Streamlined Mechanics

Traditional systems demand GMs juggle stat blocks and detailed combat mechanics. In contrast, rules-light systems simplify these elements, focusing only on the essentials. For instance, an NPC or encounter might be reduced to a single descriptive phrase or a basic die roll, removing the need for exhaustive preparation. This reduced complexity allows the GM to make decisions more quickly and intuitively, freeing up mental space for creativity.

Natural Adaptability

Humans are naturally inclined toward storytelling and improvisation. In rules-light games, GMs rely on their natural creativity rather than memorizing rules. This taps into the brain’s inherent ability to make quick, adaptive decisions based on mental schemas, facilitating smoother gameplay. With less rule-based friction, GMs can focus on the narrative and character-driven moments, which are key to engaging players.

To enhance this natural adaptability, many GMs use tools like random generators, templates, oracles, or pre-prepared prompts. For example, random event tables or NPC generators can provide quick inspiration during gameplay, while narrative templates and answer oracles can guide story progression. Systems like Ironsworn or Motif integrate such tools directly into their design, offering structured ways to spark creativity without adding mechanical complexity. By equipping themselves with these aids, GMs can navigate ambiguity with confidence, ensuring that the story remains engaging and dynamic even when improvisation is required.

Tools For Bridging Gaps

While rules-light games rely on minimal mechanics, they don’t leave GMs without support. Many systems include optional guidelines or supplementary resources to help handle ambiguity. For instance, Motif uses dice-driven prompts to guide narrative decisions, while Ironsworn employs oracle tables to fill in story gaps. Such tools reduce the pressure on GMs by providing a scaffold for improvisation, ensuring that decisions align with the game’s tone and direction.

By combining simplicity with these aids, rules-light systems empower GMs to focus on the flow of the game and the shared story rather than the minutiae of mechanics. Far from being a source of stress, minimal rules create an environment where flexibility and creativity thrive, supported by practical tools that keep the experience accessible and engaging.

Empowering GMs: Flexibility and Player-Driven Storytelling

Rules-light systems empower GMs by providing the freedom to adapt and respond to the story as it unfolds. Instead of sifting through rulebooks to resolve situations, GMs can make quick, intuitive decisions that are in harmony with the narrative.

No Need for Extensive Prep

In rules-light systems like Lasers & Feelings or Risus, GMs don’t need to create detailed stat blocks for every NPC or monster. A “villain” can be defined by a simple die rating or a core concept, which keeps the focus on their role in the story rather than the mechanics behind them. This approach reduces cognitive strain and prep time, allowing the GM to stay engaged with the story and react dynamically. With fewer spoons exhausted and more free mental processing space, GMs can devote more attention to the unfolding fiction at the table.

Player-Driven Worlds

By giving players more control over their characters and the world, rules-light systems create a collaborative narrative. This shared storytelling reduces the GM’s burden of having to manage every aspect of the game. Players, in turn, help shape the story with their actions and choices, making the narrative develop organically. This collaboration also taps into social psychological principles, like the need for agency and belonging, which helps keep everyone invested and engaged without overwhelming the GM.

Experienced Gamers May Misinterpret Rules-Light Systems

Rules-light systems are often seen as more challenging by experienced gamers because they bring preconceptions from traditional, rules-heavy systems. These assumptions can lead to unnecessary confusion and difficulty in adapting. However, these systems also offer unique opportunities for seasoned players to explore new dimensions of gameplay.

Preconceptions About Structure

Players and GMs accustomed to detailed, rigid frameworks may feel disoriented when those structures are absent. They might start overcomplicating the light mechanics, seeking “missing” rules that simply don’t exist. This reaction often stems from a reliance on the cognitive ease of structure, where having more rules feels like it provides certainty. In contrast, rules-light systems require a mindset shift toward embracing simplicity and creative interpretation.

Adapting to Flexibility

For many, the lack of defined mechanics for every scenario can feel uncomfortable. However, it’s this very flexibility that makes rules-light games accessible, especially for newer players and GMs. Once the mental switch is made, GMs can focus on dynamic storytelling instead of rigid rules, and players are encouraged to engage more creatively. Psychological studies show that people adapt faster to environments where they can exercise more control, which is why rules-light and simple narrative-driven systems often feel more fluid and enjoyable once the initial hurdle is overcome.

Rules-Light as a Creative Break

For experienced players, rules-light games can serve as a refreshing departure from the mechanical complexity of traditional systems. These games allow players and GMs to shift their focus from rules mastery to experimental storytelling, encouraging new ways to engage with the narrative. For instance, a group that typically plays detailed systems like Dungeons & Dragons or Pathfinder might use a rules-light game like Fate Accelerated Edition or Index Card RPG for a one-shot adventure centered on character development or improvisational storytelling.

Tips for Moving From Heavier to Lighter Games

For players accustomed to heavier mechanics, transitioning to rules-light systems can be smoother with a few adjustments:
- Incorporate Optional Add-Ons: Many rules-light games, such as Fate, provide optional rules or modular expansions that add layers of complexity without undermining the system’s simplicity.
- House Rule Tailoring: Groups can create or adapt house rules to address specific needs or preferences. For example, adding a light resource management mechanic or a more structured initiative system can help bridge the gap for players who crave a bit more structure.
- Experiment with Short Campaigns: Start with shorter or standalone adventures to ease into the rules-light mindset. This lowers the stakes while giving players a chance to adjust to the new style.
By approaching rules-light systems with flexibility and an experimental spirit, experienced gamers can unlock their potential as tools for both creative expression and narrative exploration.

Accessibility for Newcomers and GMs

One of the biggest advantages of rules-light systems is their ability to welcome newcomers, making tabletop role-playing games more accessible than ever before.

Ease of Learning

Games like Risus are ideal for beginners because they don’t require players or GMs to memorize complex rules. With minimal mechanics to keep track of, everyone can focus on the storytelling and their roles within the game. This simplicity reduces the cognitive load on new players, allowing them to engage with the game without feeling overwhelmed. Additionally, newcomers can quickly understand how their actions translate into the game world, fostering a smoother learning curve and allowing for more immersive play.

Social and Psychological Benefits

Rules-light systems tap into our natural inclination for storytelling and playacting, which reduces the fear of “getting it wrong”. Players don’t have to worry about following exact rule interpretations or memorizing every detail. Instead, they can lean into creative decision-making and collaboration, which makes the experience less intimidating. Psychology shows that when people are given freedom to act and create in social settings, they experience lower levels of anxiety and more positive social engagement. This is why rules-light systems help players (especially new ones) feel more confident in their decisions, making them more likely to dive into the narrative and build the story together.

Addressing the “Burden on the GM” Critique

Critics often argue that rules-light games shift too much of the workload onto the GM, but this critique overlooks a crucial point: complex systems typically place a much heavier burden on GMs, requiring significant time and effort for preparation and rule adjudication. What’s often ignored in this discussion is how rules-light systems can support not only one-shots but also deep, long-term campaigns that engage players just as effectively as their rules-heavy counterparts.

Rules-Heavy Games Demand More Prep

In traditional, rules-heavy games, GMs can easily spend hours prepping for a single session. They have to craft detailed encounters, create stat blocks for every NPC or monster, and plan for a variety of contingencies. Rules-light systems, by contrast, eliminate much of this burden. With only a few core mechanics and flexible guidelines, GMs can improvise and adapt in real-time, saving time and mental energy.

This flexibility doesn’t come at the expense of depth. Systems like Fate Accelerated Edition demonstrate that minimal mechanics can still support long-term campaigns by encouraging collaborative worldbuilding, story arcs, and meaningful character development. The focus often shifts to narrative prompts and emergent storylines, allowing the players and GM to co-create evolving arcs. This approach reduces the need for extensive stat tracking while still delivering the kind of rich, layered stories associated with longer campaigns.

Freedom to Be Creative

Rather than constraining GMs with rigid rules, the minimal structure in rules-light systems empowers them to be more creative. With fewer rules to keep track of, GMs have the freedom to guide the story organically, responding to player actions and the evolving narrative. This fluidity allows for spontaneous storytelling and lets GMs make decisions based on the context of the moment, rather than trying to adhere to pre-established rules or mechanics.

For campaigns, this creativity can translate into the development of recurring villains, shifting alliances, or thematic story arcs, all without the need for complex mechanics. For example, GMs in Fate Accelerated Edition can deepen the gameplay by using simple “Aspects” and “Fate Points” to represent evolving character motivations or world changes. This means the focus remains on the story’s progression, rather than the mechanical grind of advancement.

Embracing the Light: Tips for GMs and Players

Transitioning to rules-light systems can be a refreshing change for both Game Masters (GMs) and players, offering a more flexible and narrative-driven experience. To facilitate this transition, consider the following strategies:

Interpreting Ambiguous Rules

Rules-light systems often leave room for interpretation, which can be both liberating and challenging. To navigate this:
- Establish Table-Specific Guidelines: Before gameplay, discuss and agree upon how to handle common scenarios. This consensus ensures consistency and reduces confusion during sessions. For instance, decide how to resolve contested actions or handle unexpected player choices.
- Embrace Flexibility: Understand that ambiguity is a feature, not a flaw. Use it as an opportunity to enhance creativity and adapt the game to the group’s preferences.
Encouraging Collaborative Decision-Making

Sharing the responsibility of rulings can enrich the gaming experience:
- Involve Players in Adjudication: When uncertain situations arise, involve players in the decision-making process. This collaborative approach fosters a sense of ownership and investment in the story.
- Promote Open Communication: Encourage players to voice their interpretations and suggestions. This dialogue can lead to innovative solutions and a more dynamic narrative.
Utilizing Supplements to Aid Improvisation

While rules-light systems are designed for flexibility, certain tools can enhance the experience:
- Random Generators: Utilize game tools that generate NPCs, plot hooks, or encounters, or provide answers to questions. These can serve as inspiration during sessions.
- Templates and Charts: Prepare templates for common scenarios (e.g., combat, social interactions) and charts for random events or outcomes. These resources can streamline gameplay and reduce decision fatigue.
- Prebuilt Story Seeds: Have a collection of story hooks or plot outlines ready to introduce new arcs or challenges, ensuring the narrative remains engaging.
By implementing these strategies, GMs and players can effectively embrace the flexibility of rules-light systems, leading to a more enjoyable and collaborative tabletop role-playing experience.

Long-Term Campaigns in Rules-Light Systems

Critics often argue that rules-light systems lack the depth necessary for sustaining long-term campaigns. However, many such systems are designed to support extended play by emphasizing narrative progression over mechanical complexity.

Story Progression Over Mechanical Advancement

In rules-light games, character and campaign development are driven by the evolving narrative rather than intricate mechanics. This approach allows for deep character arcs, complex storylines, and rich world-building without the need for extensive rules. For instance, in Fate Accelerated Edition, character Aspects and the use of Fate Points facilitate significant growth and change through storytelling choices, enabling campaigns to develop organically over time.

Optional Layers of Complexity for Campaigns

Some rules-light systems offer optional rules or modular expansions to add depth for longer campaigns. For example, Into the Odd provides straightforward mechanics but can be expanded with additional content to introduce more complexity as needed. Similarly, Knave is designed to be minimalist yet allows for the incorporation of more detailed rules to suit the preferences of the gaming group. These flexible frameworks enable groups to tailor the game to their desired level of complexity, supporting sustained engagement over extended play.

Narrative Tools to Maintain Engagement

To keep long-term campaigns engaging, GMs can employ various narrative techniques that supplement the minimalist rules:
- Recurring NPCs: Introducing characters who appear throughout the campaign can create a sense of continuity and deepen the story. Their evolving relationships with the player characters add layers to the narrative.
- Thematic Arcs: Developing overarching themes or story arcs provides direction and purpose, encouraging players to invest in the long-term progression of the campaign.
- Player-Driven Plots: Allowing players to influence the direction of the story fosters a collaborative environment where their choices have meaningful impacts, enhancing engagement.
By focusing on these narrative elements, rules-light systems can facilitate rich, immersive experiences that are sustainable over long-term play. The flexibility inherent in these systems allows for adaptability and creativity, ensuring that both players and GMs remain engaged throughout the campaign.

Recognizing Challenges and Limitations

Vital Caveat: It is important to recognize that the flexibility of rules-light systems can be daunting for some GMs and players. The lack of rigid structures or comprehensive mechanics might leave newer or less confident participants feeling uncertain about how to proceed. Ambiguity in rules can lead to decision paralysis for the GM or disagreements among players about how to resolve certain situations.

For those accustomed to the guidance of more detailed systems, adapting to the open-ended nature of rules-light play may require a significant mindset shift. These challenges, while real, can also be opportunities for creativity and growth. Rules-light systems encourage problem-solving, collaboration, and improvisation, which can be highly rewarding for those willing to embrace the learning curve.

It’s important to note that no TTRPG system or preference is universally “better” than others. Preferences vary based on playstyles, group dynamics, and the goals of the campaign. For those who thrive on structured mechanics, rules-heavy systems may feel like a better fit. Meanwhile, for groups seeking spontaneity and shared storytelling, rules-light games offer a unique and engaging alternative. Ultimately, the best system is the one that resonates with your table’s needs and enhances your collective experience.

Rules-Light Games Are a Feature, Not a Flaw

Rules-light systems are not a limitation! They are a gateway to more creative, fluid, and engaging tabletop role-playing. By stripping away unnecessary complexity, these systems free GMs and players from the burdens of rule-checking and number-crunching, allowing them to dive directly into the heart of the story.

For GMs, this means less time spent on preparation and more time spent crafting memorable, player-driven narratives. And for campaigns, the depth doesn’t have to come from more rules! It can emerge from rich character arcs, evolving storylines, and the natural interplay between players and the GM. Systems like Motif, Risus, Index Card RPG, Caltrop Core, and Fate Accelerated Edition exemplify how minimal mechanics can provide frameworks that support these deeper narratives without requiring extensive rulebooks.

Critics of rules-light games often misinterpret their simplicity as a weakness. The reality is that these systems empower GMs to adapt on the fly, lean into their improvisational skills, and foster collaboration. There’s no need to adhere to rigid frameworks or preordained scenarios. Rules-light games thrive on spontaneity, player-driven decisions, and creative problem-solving, making them easier to run for many (including many newcomers), not harder.

In fact, the real challenge for players and GMs alike is unlearning the assumptions carried over from traditional, more detailed systems. Once you let go of the need for complex systems and embrace the power of simplicity, you’ll discover that less really can be more: more freedom, more creativity, and more meaningful stories. Whether for one-shots or long-term campaigns, rules-light systems are an opportunity for fun, flexibility, and adventure.

What’s your experience with rules-light systems? Do they enhance your gameplay, or do you prefer the depth of traditional systems? Share your thoughts and let’s discuss! Comment below or come yell at Rev about it on Bluesky!

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December 30, 2024
Handling Mysteries in Tabletop Roleplaying Games (Part 3)
This entry is part 3 of 3 in the series Mystery Advice
This entry is part 3 of 7 in the series TTRPG Advice
Even More TTRPG Tips To Make Your Mysteries Unforgettable

Be sure to also check out Part 1 and Part 2 of this series.

Mysteries in TTRPGs are like puzzles waiting to be unraveled, blending player ingenuity, character roleplay, and GM creativity into a thrilling experience. But even the best mysteries can hit snags if they’re too rigid, lack emotional depth, or fail to engage the whole table. In this guide, we’ll tackle even more tips for crafting and running mysteries that leave players talking about your game for years. With the right techniques, you can keep your players on the edge of their seats, immersed in a world of intrigue and suspense.

Designing for Flexibility: Adapting to Player Actions

Mystery games rarely go as planned. Players poke at details you thought were unimportant, miss glaring clues, or propose theories that rewrite your narrative. While it’s tempting to stay on course, the key to a great mystery is adaptation. Flexibility isn’t just helpful, it’s essential for keeping your game dynamic, immersive, and responsive to the unpredictable nature of your players.

How to Build Adaptable Mysteries
- Modular Clue Systems: Clues should be versatile. Instead of relying on a specific series of events to introduce information, design clues that can surface in multiple ways. If players miss a clue in one location, introduce a variation of it later, perhaps through a conversation with an NPC or a new investigation at a different location. This flexibility helps keep the mystery alive, even when players diverge from the path you originally planned.
- Re-contextualize Overlooked Clues: One of the most important things to remember is that not all clues need to be discovered immediately. If players overlook a key piece of evidence, don’t throw it away. Instead, let it resurface later in a new context. For instance, the players may miss a bloody dagger, but later, they find its matching sheath in an unrelated location. This recontextualization makes the mystery feel organic and keeps players engaged as they draw connections themselves. This approach taps into the psychological principle of “recognition memory,” where a delayed discovery often feels like a breakthrough, creating an emotional payoff.
- Embrace Player Theories: Let your players’ ideas guide the direction of the mystery. If they latch onto a theory, even if it’s not what you originally intended, consider incorporating it into the story. This taps into the “agency” principle in storytelling, where players feel their choices matter and influence the narrative. By weaving their ideas into the plot, you give them a sense of ownership over the story, which increases their emotional investment and enjoyment. This can take many forms from merely being flexible and allowing multiple approaches to lead to the pre-determined core mystery, all the way to fully player-driven mysteries.
Mystery games should feel like living, breathing entities that evolve with player decisions. When you embrace flexibility, you allow the story to take unexpected and compelling turns that keep your players hooked. By adapting to their actions and theories, you create an experience where everyone feels like a crucial part of the unfolding mystery. A flexible mystery also aligns with the core appeal of detective fiction: the thrill of discovery and the satisfaction of fitting together the pieces of a complex puzzle.

This approach of giving GMs the freedom to adjust based on player actions doesn’t just make the game more enjoyable! It strengthens the narrative by creating a story that’s just as dynamic and unpredictable as the players themselves.

Psychology of Deception: Managing NPC Lies and Misleading Information

NPCs are the lifeblood of mysteries, and their ability to mislead or obscure the truth can make or break your narrative. When done well, deception adds depth and complexity, turning simple interactions into thrilling moments of tension. Done poorly, however, it risks feeling like a cheap trick rather than a compelling part of the story.

Crafting Believable Lies
- Outright Lies, Partial Truths, and Omissions: Not every NPC needs to be a master manipulator. People lie for different reasons, and understanding these motives can help you craft nuanced interactions. A frightened shopkeeper might omit critical details out of fear, while a well-practiced con artist might weave partial truths into their lies to make them more convincing. This is important because humans (and NPCs) rarely tell perfect lies. They reveal themselves in bits and pieces, creating opportunities for players to notice inconsistencies.
- Nonverbal Cues: Deception isn’t just about what is said; it’s often about what isn’t said. NPCs may display physical signs of lying, such as avoiding eye contact, fidgeting, or nervous laughter. These nonverbal cues can give players subtle hints that something is off. According to the Pinocchio effect in psychology, our bodies often betray us when we’re lying, and players will naturally tune into these signs, looking for patterns. These moments of discovery can be highly satisfying, rewarding players for their attentiveness and emotional intelligence.
- Conflict in Testimonies: Present conflicting accounts of the same event to add complexity and intrigue to your mystery. If one witness claims to have seen the suspect at the scene, and another insists the suspect was elsewhere, players will need to critically analyze the discrepancies. This technique mirrors real-life investigative work and mimics the “unreliable narrator” technique common in detective fiction. It’s a psychological challenge for players to reconcile these differences, rewarding them with a deeper sense of agency and involvement in the mystery. When the truth finally comes to light, the satisfaction of untangling the web of lies is powerful.
A key to successful NPC deception is exploiting cognitive dissonance. When players encounter conflicting information, such as a character they trust suddenly being caught lying, it creates mental discomfort. The desire to resolve this discomfort will drive players to investigate further, leading to more engagement with the mystery. By offering clues that challenge their assumptions, you increase player investment and keep them hooked.

Emotional and Roleplay Stakes

While the thrill of solving a mystery is exciting on its own, adding emotional depth turns it into an experience that resonates long after the game ends. Tying the investigation to personal stakes for the players makes the mystery not just a puzzle to solve, but a journey that challenges their characters on a deeper, emotional level.

Making It Personal
- Character Backstories: One of the most effective ways to enhance emotional stakes is to link the mystery to a player character’s backstory. This creates a direct emotional connection between the mystery and the players. Maybe the investigation involves a lost sibling, a mentor’s betrayal, or the unearthing of a secret from the character’s past. This approach taps into the “narrative transportation” principle, where players become so absorbed in the story that they feel as though they are part of it, leading to a stronger emotional impact.
- NPC Connections: Introduce NPCs with their own relatable motivations and emotional stakes. A grieving parent who wants closure on the death of a child or a detective who is haunted by a past failure can offer rich emotional hooks for players to connect with. These NPCs don’t just serve the plot, they make the story feel real, helping to draw players emotionally into the narrative. Players are more likely to become invested in a mystery when they see the human side of the conflict.
- Moral and Emotional Reflection: Mystery stories often present players with tough moral dilemmas. Maybe exposing a villain turns out to hurt an innocent family, or the true motive behind the crime is more sympathetic than expected. These moments force players to reflect on their character’s values, adding a layer of emotional complexity to the game. In detective fiction, protagonists often wrestle with moral ambiguities. Incorporating them into your mystery can give the narrative weight and keep players engaged on a deeper level.
The emotional stakes in your mystery can trigger empathy in players, allowing them to form a deeper connection to the story. When characters face morally complex decisions, players must confront their own values, creating emotional investment. This is closely tied to the empathy-driven immersion principle, players who emotionally invest in characters and situations feel more personally affected by the outcomes, making the mystery feel all the more impactful.

Creating Climactic Revelations

A well-executed reveal is the heart of any great mystery. It’s the moment when everything falls into place, the pieces of the puzzle align, and players feel the rush of satisfaction from their efforts. The key is ensuring the reveal is not just shocking, but also earned and deeply integrated into the story.

Nailing the Big Moment
- Reframe the Story: One of the most satisfying elements of a mystery’s climax is when it changes the way players view earlier events. This can be done by revealing that a seemingly minor detail from the beginning holds greater significance than they realized. For example, a “throwaway” clue from Act 1 may turn out to be the key to solving the entire case, or a seemingly trustworthy ally may reveal their true, villainous nature. This is known as a “twist” or “reversal,” a staple in detective fiction that challenges players’ assumptions and re-contextualizes the entire story. Psychological principles like confirmation bias can work here: Players will often form their own conclusions as they investigate, so a twist that challenges their expectations feels particularly rewarding when it catches them off guard.
- Avoid Anticlimactic Twists: While unexpected reveals are thrilling, they should never feel contrived. Avoid relying on coincidences or “deus ex machina” solutions, where the answer just magically appears without proper foreshadowing. This type of reveal often breaks immersion and can make the players feel their efforts were irrelevant. Ensure that your clues, character motivations, and plot threads lead naturally to the conclusion, giving the players a sense of ownership over the resolution. When the reveal makes sense in hindsight, it feels earned and satisfying.
- Aftermath and Epilogues: The conclusion isn’t just about the reveal itself; it’s about the consequences of that revelation. Allow players to explore the aftermath, whether it’s through NPC reactions, the resolution of subplots, or the long-term ramifications of their discoveries. In detective fiction, the denouement often ties up loose ends and gives closure to unresolved threads. This can be as simple as NPCs thanking the players for solving the mystery, or it can be as dramatic as political or social upheaval triggered by the case. By addressing what happens next, you add depth and realism to your world, making the mystery feel like a truly significant event in the game’s narrative.
The need for closure is a fundamental psychological principle, especially in mystery storytelling. Humans crave answers to unresolved questions, and when mysteries are solved, it triggers a sense of psychological satisfaction. This is why a well-executed reveal, one that connects all the dots, is so powerful. It provides closure, resolves tension, and leaves players with a feeling of accomplishment.

Player Dynamics: Encouraging Collaboration

Mysteries in tabletop RPGs are inherently cooperative, solving a mystery often requires multiple minds coming together to piece together clues and theories. However, not all players instinctively work together, and in some cases, players may fall into roles where they dominate or, conversely, disengage. It’s essential to foster collaboration to ensure the mystery remains an enjoyable and shared experience for everyone.

Encouraging Teamwork
- Shared Resources: One effective way to encourage collaboration is by giving players a tangible tool to work together: a shared clue board. Whether physical or digital, a central place where players can record and discuss their findings helps keep everyone involved and prevents any one player from hoarding crucial information. It also visually reinforces the idea that the players are working together toward a common goal, which is a psychological trigger that strengthens group cohesion.
- Breakthrough Moments: Design puzzles or revelations that require the combined effort of the group. For example, a map torn into multiple pieces might require the players to pool their findings or decipher a code that only becomes clear through group discussion. The satisfaction of solving a complex issue together promotes a collective intelligence dynamic, where the group as a whole achieves more than any individual could alone. This not only keeps the mystery engaging but also fosters a sense of shared accomplishment, making the players feel like they are actively contributing to the unraveling of the story.
- Celebrate Unique Contributions
  Make sure each player’s skills and ideas are highlighted throughout the investigation. If one player is particularly skilled in a specific area (such as deduction, persuasion, or combat), create moments where their unique abilities shine, helping the group succeed. In doing so, players will feel more personally invested in the mystery’s success when they recognize their contributions as valuable and integral to the group’s progress. By celebrating individual contributions, you encourage each player to stay engaged, knowing that their actions have a meaningful impact on the outcome.
Humans are social creatures, and we thrive in group settings where cooperation is key to success. In a mystery game, fostering group cohesion through collaborative problem-solving not only makes the mystery more enjoyable but also strengthens the sense of collective accomplishment. By designing moments that require teamwork, you appeal to players’ inherent need to feel part of a group working toward a common goal. This type of collaboration enhances the immersion of the game and keeps everyone invested in solving the mystery together.

Engaging Passive or Less Involved Players in Mystery Games

In any group, there are players who naturally dive into the intricacies of a mystery, while others may feel less inclined to participate. Whether due to personality, unfamiliarity with investigative gameplay, or discomfort with spotlight moments, these quieter participants can sometimes feel sidelined. The solution? Tailor your approach to create opportunities that draw them in without overwhelming them.

Bringing Everyone Into the Fold
- Assign Roles or Tasks: Specific, manageable roles help passive players feel included without requiring them to take center stage. Tasks like interviewing NPCs, organizing evidence, or analyzing an arcane artifact give these players clear objectives. Roles can also be tailored to their characters, such as assigning the bard to gather rumors or the scholar to decode an ancient cipher, ensuring their participation feels natural and meaningful.
- Tie in Personal Stakes: One of the most effective ways to engage quieter players is by connecting the mystery to their character’s backstory, goals, or relationships. For example, an elusive suspect could be a figure from the secret agent’s past, or a hidden clue might hint at secrets tied to the cleric’s deity. This not only encourages engagement but also deepens their connection to the story. Use narrative techniques from detective fiction (such as the “personal stakes” trope, where a detective’s own history becomes entwined with the case) to inspire these threads.
- Highlight Unique Skills: Design moments where a quieter player’s character has the exact skill or perspective needed to advance the story. A bounty hunter’s tracking expertise might uncover a fugitive’s trail, or an occultist’s arcane knowledge could decipher cryptic runes. Celebrate these contributions with in-game recognition, such as an NPC praising their cleverness or the group’s collective success hinging on their actions. This psychological reinforcement can boost confidence and encourage further engagement.
Go Forth Prepared Into The Depths Of Mystery

Mysteries in tabletop RPGs are more than puzzles to solve; they are opportunities to immerse your players in a story that challenges their minds, tugs at their hearts, and rewards their creativity. With the techniques outlined here, you can craft mysteries that are dynamic, inclusive, and unforgettable. From designing flexible narratives to creating emotionally charged stakes and fostering collaboration, you’re now equipped to elevate your mystery games to new heights.

But the journey doesn’t stop here! Mysteries are as unique as the groups who play them. The true magic lies in adapting these tips to fit your table, making each session a shared adventure that lingers in the players’ memories long after the dice are put away.

What’s your approach to keeping mysteries fresh and engaging? Have you tried any unique techniques that made your players’ jaws drop? What’s the most unexpected twist your group has ever encountered or created? Share your experiences, tips, and questions in the comments or come yell at Rev a bit about it on Bluesky!

Be sure to also check out Part 1 and Part 2 of this series.

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December 26, 2024
Let’s Talk About “Ghibli-inspired” TTRPGs
Capturing the True Essence of Studio Ghibli in TTRPGs

Also check out the free micro-RPG I was inspired to share from my slush pile by this post.

Studio Ghibli is a household name synonymous with enchanting, dreamlike worlds, often celebrated for their whimsical charm and the tender portrayal of everyday life. It’s no surprise that many tabletop role-playing games (TTRPGs) have taken inspiration from these masterworks, crafting cozy, pastoral experiences centered around companionship, exploration, and self-discovery. These games are often positioned as respites from the grim, high-stakes nature of other RPG genres, drawing players into warm and relaxing worlds.

Yet, this trend overlooks something essential: Studio Ghibli’s stories, while often deeply comforting, are never purely “sweet” or “cozy.” Beneath the surface lies a tapestry of darker, more challenging themes that infuse these films with unparalleled emotional weight. Alienation, starvation, deprivation, capitalist exploitation, environmental collapse, and oppressive hierarchies are as much a part of Ghibli’s DNA as scenes of serene nature or moments of quiet joy. To fully honor the spirit of Studio Ghibli, TTRPGs must embrace these complexities, weaving them into their mechanics, narratives, and worldbuilding.

The Missing Depth in Many Ghibli-Inspired TTRPGs

When examining Ghibli-inspired TTRPGs, most lean heavily into the studio’s gentler aspects: the love of nature, the celebration of community, and the beauty in small, mundane acts. While these elements are undoubtedly central to Ghibli’s ethos, they are not the full story. Films like Spirited Away, Princess Mononoke, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, and Grave of the Fireflies delve into weighty, often unsettling realities. To stop at the idyllic moments is to reduce Ghibli’s vision to mere aesthetic.

These “cozy-only” games often:
- Overemphasize Pastoral Tranquility: Many focus on exploration and relationships in peaceful settings but fail to introduce the conflicts that would make those moments of respite truly meaningful.
- Ignore Oppression and Conflict: Ghibli protagonists often confront systems of control, whether Lady Eboshi’s industrial exploitation, the militarism of Nausicaä, or the greed of the bathhouse spirits in Spirited Away. Few games dare to include similarly weighty challenges.
- Neglect Themes of Scarcity: Hunger, displacement, and environmental collapse are recurring motifs in Ghibli’s works, underscoring the fragility of survival and the need for human ingenuity and solidarity.
What Should Ghibli-Inspired TTRPGs Include?

In my opinion (emphasis), to craft a game that truly captures the essence of Studio Ghibli, designers must balance beauty with hardship, sweetness with sorrow. Below are core themes and ideas that should be considered:

1. Systems of Oppression and Exploitation

From the militaristic societies of Nausicaä to the capitalist underpinnings of the bathhouse in Spirited Away, Ghibli films are often deeply critical of oppressive systems. These systems don’t just serve as a backdrop, they shape the very lives of the characters. Ghibli’s protagonists don’t simply fight against evil, they question the foundations of the world they live in.

A Ghibli-inspired TTRPG should allow characters to challenge these systems, whether through direct resistance or by subtly manipulating the structures around them. Mechanics like faction dynamics and risk-assessment, as seen in systems like Blades in the Dark, can offer players the ability to weigh the cost of rebellion versus accommodation. This creates a tense atmosphere where every decision counts, and the balance between personal survival and moral integrity becomes ever more fragile.

2. Themes of Deprivation

Scarcity and survival are core to many Ghibli stories. Films like Grave of the Fireflies highlight the devastating effects of war on innocence, while My Neighbor Totoro showcases the economic struggles of rural life. These narratives don’t shy away from showing how deprivation shapes characters’ lives and decisions.

In a RPG of this type, players should feel the weight of limited resources like food, medicine, or even emotional energy. Mechanics like resource tracking or forced choices between basic needs can add a layer of tension, reminding players that survival isn’t just about what’s in their inventory, but about the choices they make under pressure. This brings Ghibli’s themes of scarcity to life, allowing the mechanics to reflect the emotional struggle of living with limited options.

3. Environmental Collapse

Environmentalism is a cornerstone of Ghibli’s storytelling, particularly in films like Princess Mononoke and Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind. These works show the devastating impact of human greed and industrialization on nature.

In a tabletop roleplaying game inspired by Ghibli, the world itself should feel alive, changing in response to the players’ actions. Whether players are healing the land or inadvertently destroying it, the environmental consequences of their decisions should be felt across the game. Systems like A Quiet Year or Apocalypse World provide great frameworks for tracking environmental health and how it directly influences the narrative. This creates a living, breathing world where players must constantly reckon with the long-term effects of their choices, adding a layer of gravity to every action they take.

4. Complex Antagonists

Ghibli films are famous for their complex antagonists. Whether it’s Lady Eboshi in Princess Mononoke or Yubaba in Spirited Away, the characters who stand against our heroes are rarely evil for the sake of it! They have motivations, goals, and internal conflicts that make them more than just villains.

In this type of TTRPG, characters should encounter adversaries who aren’t easily categorized as good or evil. Instead, the game could encourage players to engage with these characters on a deeper level, possibly even negotiating or empathizing with them. Systems like Fate Core, which allow for dynamic NPC motivations and outcomes, are well-suited to explore these complex relationships. This creates room for difficult choices, where the line between enemy and ally is constantly shifting, making each encounter more meaningful.

5. Moments of Quiet Humanity

Even in the darkest moments, Ghibli films always offer spaces for quiet reflection, joy, and connection. Whether it’s sharing a simple meal or bonding over a shared moment of peace, these scenes offer respite from the chaos around them.

In a tabletop RPG drawing inspiration from Studio Ghibli, it’s crucial to create space for these moments. Players should be rewarded for engaging in non-goal-oriented roleplay, moments of rest, personal growth, and camaraderie. A “quiet reflection” mechanic, where characters pause to share thoughts or reflect on their journey, could provide much-needed emotional depth, akin to the “Firelight” mechanic in Ryuutama.

These moments should feel earned, giving players a breather from the harshness of the game while reinforcing the human connections at the heart of the story. It is important to remember that just as “hot” only has a meaning in relation to “cold”, these quiet respites gain their context and meaning from the harsher moments and themes in the world.

Conclusion

To truly honor Studio Ghibli’s legacy, TTRPGs must move beyond simple pastoral escapism. They must embrace the tension between the harsh and the beautiful, the oppressive and the redemptive. Only then can they capture the full magic of Ghibli’s stories, offering players not just a comforting escape, but an emotionally rich and thematically resonant experience.

The world of Studio Ghibli is multifaceted, and to capture its essence in a tabletop game, designers must be willing to explore the darker, more complex parts of the human experience. By integrating themes like oppression, deprivation, environmental collapse, and the complexity of antagonists, while still leaving room for moments of joy, these games can mirror the depth of Studio Ghibli’s expansive universe and offer players a truly unique storytelling experience.

As far as what I would do, I mostly leave this gargantuan task to designers much better suited to it than me. I know my limits! 😛 But, there is a skeleton of a game from my slush pile inspired by the darker themes in Ghibli movies. Check it out!

This will surely inspire some strong opinions (and there’s so much I didn’t cover in a single blog post), so you’re welcome to come shout them at me on Bluesky.

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December 17, 2024
Motif Approach to Conflict: Universal Hits & Conditions
This entry is part 2 of 3 in the series Motif Thoughts
Universal Hits and Social Conflict in Motif

One of the most fascinating and often surprising aspects of standard Motif builds is how the system blurs the lines between physical, emotional, mental, and social conflicts. In many TTRPGs, combat is the primary focus, with other interactions often relegated to the sidelines or handled as quick, simplified rolls. In Motif, however, every type of conflict carries equal weight. This opens up a wealth of creative possibilities, allowing players to approach encounters in diverse ways that feel impactful and narratively satisfying.

Social conflict, in particular, is where Motif shines. Players accustomed to traditional systems might expect social challenges to play second fiddle to combat with simple single dice roll solutions or just roleplaying through it. But in Motif, your ability to talk, charm, or outwit someone can be just as effective(if not more so) than resorting to physical violence. Whether you’re trying to humiliate a rival, intimidate a witness, or confuse a foe, your social strategies can leave lasting impacts on the game world.

How Universal Hits Work in Motif

At the core of Motif’s flexibility is its Hits system, a universal mechanic that governs how characters accrue the consequences of conflict. A Hit is a Hit, whether it’s a Gunshot Wound or the sting of Embarrassment. Each Hit contributes to a Condition—a narrative marker of how a character has been affected. Physical injuries might result in Conditions like Wounded or Bruised, while social encounters can lead to Conditions like Humiliated, Confused, or Distracted.

The beauty of this system is its simplicity and consistency. All forms of conflict are mechanically treated the same way, making the game feel cohesive and intuitive. Importantly, it doesn’t reduce the narrative weight of different types of interactions. A Gunshot Wound may take longer to recover from than Embarrassment, but both leave their marks. In this way, Motif encourages players to explore a full spectrum of tactics and strategies.

Imagine you’re interrogating someone in a noir-inspired game. In many systems, you might have to choose between intimidating them physically or persuading them verbally. In Motif, you can do both, stacking up Conditions that reflect the cumulative effect of your efforts. You might start with a sharp threat, escalate to a shove, and then back them into a corner with a heartfelt plea. Every step of the process is supported by mechanics that enhance the drama and immersion of the scene.

Social Conflict as a Tool for Creative Problem-Solving

One of the most rewarding aspects of Motif is watching players use social strategies to creatively manipulate encounters. The system doesn’t just allow for social conflict, it actively encourages it. Players can stack Conditions like Reassured, Confused, or Distracted on their foes, using these to turn the tide of an encounter.

For example:
- A group of adventurers facing a suspicious guard might start by Distracting them with a clever lie, then Reassuring them with a kind word, and finally stacking on Confusion to gain a chance to slip past unnoticed.
- During a heated negotiation, a charismatic character might target multiple opponents at once, layering Conditions like Afraid or Humiliated to undermine the group’s morale.
In many Motif games, social conflict offers unique advantages. For one, it’s often easier to affect multiple targets with social strategies than with physical attacks. A well-timed speech or cutting remark can ripple through a crowd, creating opportunities for the players to exploit. Social Conditions can also be used to shift the narrative, sowing chaos, building trust, or exposing vulnerabilities in ways that combat alone cannot achieve.

Why This Approach Works

Motif’s universal Hits system is more than just a clever design choice, it’s a powerful storytelling tool. By treating all forms of conflict equally, the system encourages players to approach situations creatively, leaning into their characters’ unique strengths. This results in a more cinematic and genre-emulating experience, where every interaction carries weight and every decision shapes the story.

In a noir setting, for instance, a hard-boiled detective might combine sharp words and rough handling to extract the truth from a suspect. In a cyberpunk world, a hacker might shut down an enemy with psychological warfare and razor-sharp wit. These moments feel authentic and impactful because the mechanics reflect the narrative stakes. They reward players for thinking outside the box and emphasize that how you approach an encounter is just as important as its outcome.

Building on This Design Philosophy

Motif’s universal Hits system is just one example of how thoughtful mechanics can elevate a game. It demonstrates the value of simplicity and consistency in design, creating a framework that is both accessible and rich with possibilities. By focusing on core principles (like treating all forms of conflict equally) Motif empowers players and GMs to tell stories that feel dynamic, engaging, and true to their genre.

For game designers, Motif is a compelling case study in how mechanics can shape player behavior and enhance narrative depth. It’s a reminder that rules don’t need to be complicated to be effective. Instead, it’s about creating tools that inspire creativity, encourage experimentation, and support the story you want to tell.

So, what’s your favorite thing about the games you design? Is it the unexpected strategies that emerge in play, the clever ways players exploit your systems, or the moments of storytelling magic that your mechanics make possible? For me, it’s the joy of seeing players discover how deeply Motif empowers them to shape their stories, whether through social intrigue, physical conflict, or something in between.

If you haven’t tried Motif yet, now is the perfect time to dive into the Motif SRD or the full Motif Story Engine. Whether you’re a player or a designer, you’re bound to find inspiration in its elegant mechanics and storytelling potential. Feel free to share your thoughts, insights, or favorite design philosophies. Let’s keep the conversation going. You can always find us on Bluesky to chat more.

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December 17, 2024
About Us
About Thought Punks

At Thought Punks, we’re here for the storytellers: the dreamers, the improvisers, the people who love rolling dice as much as spinning wild tales. We make indie tabletop RPGs that are approachable, flexible, and designed to spark creativity. Thought Punks creates TTRPGs and storytelling tools that embrace bold ideas, innovative mechanics, and a do-it-yourself spirit.

Motif Story Engine: Stories Powered by Chance

At the core of Thought Punks is the Motif Story Engine, a dice oracle system that transforms the randomness of dice rolls into the building blocks of a story. This isn’t your standard RPG mechanic! Motif uses dice outcomes to create prompts, twists, and opportunities, acting as both a collaborator and a source of narrative tension. Whether you’re crafting an intense noir mystery, an epic sci-fi odyssey, or a quiet personal drama, Motif provides the structure and flexibility to make your story shine.

It’s designed to be:
- Intuitive: No need to juggle charts or dense rules. You roll, interpret, and keep the story moving.
- Flexible: Whether you’re solo gaming, running a GM-lite session, or crafting a new game from scratch, the dice oracle adapts to your style.
- Engaging: Every roll brings a story beat to life, whether it’s a sudden twist, a major success, or something complicates everything in the best way possible.
- Solo and GM-Lite Friendly: You don’t need a huge group to enjoy Motif. It’s perfect for solo players and low-prep GMs who want deep stories without spending hours prepping encounters or memorizing rules.
The Motif Story Engine isn’t just a mechanic, it’s a philosophy. It powers many of our games and is available as an open toolkit for creators to build their own RPGs. Check out the Motif SRD to see how you can make it your own.

Our Games

Thought Punks is home to a variety of RPGs that stretch across genres and tones. Each one is designed to take advantage of Motif’s dynamic storytelling power while offering something distinct and memorable.
- NEVER Stop Smiling: A dystopian RPG where enforced happiness hides a world of surveillance and repression. Perfect for players who love exploring dark, surreal themes and pushing against systems of control.
- Dinosaur Wizards In Space: Dinosaurs. Magic. Space. This lighthearted two-page RPG delivers exactly what it promises: chaotic, imaginative fun with minimal prep and maximum energy.
Beyond Games: Experimentation and Community

Thought Punks thrives on creativity, and we believe the best ideas often come from collaboration and experimentation. That’s why we embrace game jams, community hashtag days, and unconventional approaches to RPG design. From wild one-page experiments to digital tools like the Motif Oracle Notebook, we’re always exploring tabletop games.

We’re also here to support the wider RPG community. Whether it’s through sharing tools like the Motif SRD or engaging with creators and players online, we believe in the power of mutual inspiration.

Why Choose Thought Punks?

We’re not here to be a big, polished corporation or dominate the TTRPG market. Our approach is simple: we make games that stand out. We focus on simplicity without sacrificing depth. Whether you’re looking for bold mechanics, unique stories, or tools to create your own adventures, Thought Punks has something for you. We focus on:
- Creative freedom: Our games give you the tools to shape your stories the way you want to tell them.
- Innovation: From dice oracle mechanics to genre-blending concepts, we love breaking new ground.
- Accessibility: We keep our designs easy to pick up and play, whether you’re gaming solo, with friends, or trying something completely new.
Join the Punk Movement

Explore our games on DriveThruRPG and Itch.io, or visit us on Bluesky. Whether you’re looking for your next fun TTRPG or a new way to create your own, Thought Punks is here to fuel your imagination.

Let’s make stories that matter, together.

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December 17, 2024
TTRPG Mechanics Model: Granularity, Modularity, Connectivity, Fidelity
This entry is part 3 of 5 in the series RPG Theory
Understanding TTRPG Design Through Four Overlapping Scales

When discussing tabletop RPGs, terms like “crunch” or “narrative focus” frequently arise. While useful, these discussions can become muddled, lacking a structured way to examine what makes each game unique. To frame this conversation, we can use a model of four overlapping scales: granularity, modularity, connectivity, and fidelity. Each of these represents a distinct axis of design, shaping how we experience and engage with games.

Let’s break down each scale and explore how they influence play.

1. Granularity (aka “Crunch”)

Granularity measures how detailed a game’s mechanics are. High-granularity systems, like GURPS or Pathfinder, offer intricate rules that cover a broad array of situations, from combat maneuvers to nuanced skill checks. On the other hand, low-granularity games like FATE or Lasers & Feelings simplify mechanics, focusing on streamlined gameplay. The level of granularity directly impacts pacing and player focus, influencing whether the experience feels like a tactical simulation or an improvisational story.
- High granularity: Provides clarity and structure but often slows down play with extensive rules. These systems excel when precision and fairness are crucial, such as in detailed simulations or competitive campaigns.
- Low granularity: Prioritizes narrative flow and accessibility, sacrificing precision for speed and creativity. Minimalist rules can empower players to improvise and lean into storytelling.
Granularity’s importance depends on player preferences. High granularity caters to those who enjoy mastering detailed mechanics or exploring tactical depth. Conversely, players seeking fast-paced, story-driven sessions might prefer the flexibility of low-granularity systems.

The interaction between granularity and other scales is key. For example, high granularity often pairs well with high fidelity when realism is a goal, as in games like Call of Cthulhu. However, it might clash with high connectivity when detailed mechanics interfere with narrative immersion.

2. Modularity

Modularity examines whether a game’s mechanics can function independently or integrate additional subsystems without disrupting the core rules. While modular games excel in flexibility and customizability, tightly integrated systems maintain consistency and reinforce their themes.
- High modularity: Games like Dungeons & Dragons thrive here, allowing the addition of feats, crafting systems, or optional rules without breaking the foundation. This adaptability has enabled D&D’s long-lasting popularity and its ability to support various playstyles and genres.
- Low modularity: Systems like Blades in the Dark or Apocalypse World have tightly integrated mechanics that are harder to separate or tweak without losing the intended experience. These games rely on focused systems that ensure every rule reinforces the theme.
High modularity supports flexibility and customization, enabling GMs and players to tailor the experience to their preferences. This is especially valuable in long-running campaigns or for groups with specific narrative or mechanical interests. In contrast, low modularity ensures a unified play experience where every rule contributes to the game’s thematic and narrative goals.

For example, a modular game like GURPS allows players to create entirely new genres or settings, while a low-modularity game like Blades in the Dark deeply intertwines its heist mechanics with its narrative, making it harder to adapt without losing its essence.

3. Connectivity

Connectivity refers to how closely the game’s mechanics link to its setting or story. High connectivity fosters immersion, embedding players deeply in the game world. However, low connectivity can allow the same system to support wildly different stories.
- High connectivity: Games like Apocalypse World tie their mechanics directly to narrative beats and thematic elements. Moves in these systems feel intrinsically tied to the world and its flavor, creating a strong sense of immersion.
- Low connectivity: Systems like Savage Worlds or GURPS use universal mechanics designed to adapt across genres, settings, or styles. Their flexibility allows for a wide variety of stories but can result in a less immersive experience.
Mechanics in high connectivity games are designed to evoke the tone, mood, and flavor of the setting. Conversely, low-connectivity systems prioritize flexibility, enabling creators to use the same mechanics across multiple genres and settings.

An excellent example of high connectivity is Call of Cthulhu, where the Sanity system deeply reflects its themes of cosmic horror. In contrast, Savage Worlds or GURPS offers flexibility, allowing players to jump from pulp adventure to hard science fiction without needing entirely new rules.

Call of Cthulhu and Pendragon (also from Chaosium) also reflect an interesting intersection: low connectivity systems can be developed into high connectivity games. BRP is a generic roleplaying system that both use. However, their implementations are high connectivity with the way Sanity is integrated in CoC and the way morality is directly tied into the mechanics for Pendragon.

4. Fidelity

Fidelity measures how well a game’s rules express its core genre or themes. High fidelity creates genre-rich experiences but may alienate those unfamiliar with its style. Low fidelity broadens accessibility, making it easier to approach but sometimes losing specific thematic weight.
- High fidelity: A game like Call of Cthulhu uses its Sanity mechanics to evoke the horror of cosmic dread, weaving the theme into every aspect of play.
- Low fidelity: Systems with generic mechanics, such as FATE, prioritize versatility over thematic depth. While these games can be tailored to fit many genres, they may not evoke specific moods as strongly as high-fidelity systems.
High fidelity creates genre-rich experiences but may alienate those unfamiliar with its style or unwilling to embrace its thematic focus. Low fidelity broadens accessibility, allowing games to be more flexible and replayable across genres.

The impact of fidelity on play can be profound. A high-fidelity game like Cthulhu Dark leverages simplicity to heighten its horror themes, while a low-fidelity system like FATE allows players to create settings and genres tailored to their specific desires, at the expense of specific thematic resonance.

Clarity: Distinguishing Connectivity and Fidelity

Connectivity and fidelity are closely related with some overlap, but are nevertheless distinct aspects of TTRPG design. Connectivity is focused on how mechanics push the narrative forward, how they shape and influence the story. Games with high connectivity, like Apocalypse World, have mechanics that tie directly to the development of the story and its characters, driving the narrative momentum.

Fidelity, however, is about how well a game’s mechanics represent its core genre or theme. High-fidelity games, such as Blades in the Dark, reinforce the setting’s dark, gritty nature through mechanics like stress and trauma, which emphasize the risks and emotional weight of the game’s actions. Morality and corruption mechanics are also often high fidelity, but also quite often only drive the narrative forward by their interpreted consequences and future play rather than a direct high connectivity narrative mechanic (Vampire: The Masquerade presents a good example).

Fidelity isn’t just about advancing the story; it’s about enhancing the mood and emotional engagement with the genre or game concept itself. The key difference is that while connectivity is about narrative flow and how the mechanics influence the direction of the story, fidelity is about how deeply the mechanics immerse players in the themes and atmosphere of the setting.

Why These Scales Matter

Each game balances these scales differently, creating unique experiences for players and GMs. For example:
- A gritty cyberpunk game might lean heavily into high granularity, high connectivity, and high fidelity to emphasize its dystopian tone.
- A pulpy adventure game might favor modularity and low granularity for fast-paced, action-packed play.
Games that deliberately subvert these scales often create surprising or innovative experiences. For instance:
- A modular, low-fidelity system like early D&D used in a thematic setting like Dragonlance.
- A rules-lite, high-fidelity system like Cthulhu Dark, where simplicity reinforces the core horror theme.
By recognizing how these scales interact, designers and players can make intentional choices that suit their desired play experience. Balancing granularity, modularity, connectivity, and fidelity allows for rich, varied TTRPG experiences that cater to diverse preferences and playstyles.

What do you think about this model? How do you see these factors? Poke us on Bluesky and let us know!

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December 14, 2024
Welcome to Thought Punks!
Empowering Stories. Simple Tools. Endless Possibilities.

Dive into the world of Motif Story Engine, where storytelling thrives. Whether you’re exploring solo adventures or crafting GM-lite experiences with friends, our system is here to fuel your creativity. Discover the core Motif Toolkit SRD, doing a full walkthrough of the Motif approach and concepts.

Check Out Our Blog

Join us as we share deep dives into TTRPG design, creative processes, and insights into making your games unforgettable. Let’s shape the future of storytelling together! Read the blog!

Use the Motif Oracle Notebook

Rev built the Motif Oracle Notebook for your solo plays and play notes! It includes a Motif roller, game dice roller, PDF reader, and multiple note fields for you to record your character, play journal and other notes. Give it a spin live right here on the site! And you can also grab the source code from GitHub (it is a pure HTML/Javascript app that will run offline direct from your file system).

Browse Our Games

From whimsical to intense, explore our collection of games powered by Motif and beyond. Notable titles include NEVER Stop Smiling and No Angels Live Here—each offering unique narratives and engaging mechanics.
- ITCH.IO
- DRIVETHRURPG
Ready to start your adventure? Explore our collection and blog to unlock the storyteller within!

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December 14, 2024